Some quantitative measures from FBM parameters are associated with caries activity evaluation, which is similar to the clinical evaluation of the presence of visible biofilm.

In this study, we evaluated the physicochemical properties (PCP; radiopacity, flow, pH, and solubility) and the quality of root canal filling provided by an experimental industrialized paste (EP), with the same active ingredients as those of the Guedes Pinto paste, compared with the Vitapex ® paste. PCP were analyzed according to the ANSI/ADA laboratory testing methods for endodontic filling and sealing materials. To analyze filling capacity, 120 artificial primary teeth (60 maxillary incisors [MIs] and 60 mandibulary molars [MMs]) were endodontically treated. The teeth were divided into eight groups based on the dental group (MIs or MMs), filling material (Vitapex ® or EP), and insertion method (syringe or lentulo). The Image J ® software was used to analyze the initial an final digital radiographies of each tooth, measuring and comparing root canal and void areas. The percentage of filling failure areas was obtained. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test of mean comparison. Regarding PCP, both pastes presented results according the ANSI/ADA standards. Flow capacity:

Background/Aim Since children spend most of their time in school, some environmental characteristics of the schools may influence the occurrence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI). Therefore, the aim of this cross‐sectional study was to assess the prevalence of TDI in 12 years old children in Quito, Ecuador, and its association with some school environmental aspects. Material and methods Six calibrated examiners evaluated 998 children from 31 public schools of Quito, to evaluate the occurrence of TDI in anterior teeth. School coordinators answered questionnaires on school physical conditions, promotion of health practices and the occurrence of negative episodes in school. The occlusion and socioeconomic status of the participants were also evaluated. Prevalence of TDI, unadjusted and adjusted by the design effect was calculated. Association between individual and contextual explanatory variables and presence of TDI were evaluated using multilevel Poisson regression analysis (P < .05). Results TDI prevalence adjusted by design effect was 20.7%. Children studying in schools with patio floor of grass and with access ramps had significantly lower prevalence of TDI than children studying in schools with patio floor of cement and with only stairs, respectively. The prevalence of TDI was also lower in children from schools that offered healthy meals or that had a proper place for oral hygiene. Conclusions Schools with adequate physical structures and that promote health practices to their students have a lower prevalence of TDI.

Objective: There is a lack of high-quality evidence on the efficacy of the non-instrumentation endodontic treatment (NIET) in primary molars, compared to the conventional endodontic treatment technique. This protocol describes a multicenter randomized clinical trial that aims to evaluate the efficacy of a NIET technique for primary molars using a paste containing antibiotics (chloramphenicol and tetracycline – CTZ group) compared to a control group of conventional technique and root filling with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE). Methodology: Children aged 3 to 9 years (N=218) will be randomly allocated to one of the groups: CTZ or ZOE. In CTZ, after the location of root canals entrance, irrigation will be performed using 1% sodium hypochlorite and CTZ paste will be placed over the root canal entrances, with no instrumentation of the root canals. In ZOE group, manual instrumentation of root canals with endodontic K-files will be performed, and then, the root canals will be filled with ZOE paste. At the same appointment, teeth will be restored with a double-seal of glass ionomer and a bulk fill resin composite. Children will be followed-up for 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The primary endpoint will be the success of endodontic treatments evaluated by clinical and radiographic criteria after 24 months. Conclusions: NIET with CTZ paste could be an option to manage primary teeth, once the technique could have non-inferior efficacy to the conventional technique that involves root canal instrumentation. The approach could have good acceptance from children and parents considering the reduced clinical time.

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