Myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by the larvae of several fly species. Diagnosis and treatment are simple. The location of this infestation at the vulvar area is, however, an extremely rare occurrence. The authors present two cases of vulvar myiasis affecting pregnant women. The first case is a 19-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis and concomitant syphilis, vaginal trichomoniasis and genital candidiasis. The patient was also HIV-positive. The second case is a 17-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis associated with extensive vulvar condyloma acuminatum lesions.

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Diagnosis of vaginal discharge is frequently performed in an empirical way, leading to inadequate treatment. This study tested the accuracy of a self-collection kit for microbiological study of the vaginal content. One hundred and forty-two women of Family Health Program units in Niterói and Piraí cities were enrolled in order to have their vaginal content studied. A brief explanation and a self-collection kit were provided in order to sample the vaginal content. The self-collection kit was composed of one empty plastic tube, two glass slides, a long handle cytobrush, an identification card and guideline notes. The vaginal sample was applied on the glass slides by the women and stained by Gram technique. A second sampling was done by the medical personnel. The microbiological diagnosis in a blinded analysis was made under optical microscopy. A validation diagnosis test was done taking the medical collection results as a gold standard. A total of 106 women had followed the protocol and were included in the study. Microbiological analysis was unsatisfactory in 12 cases (6 cases of self-collection material and 6 cases of medical collection). The microbiological analyses in the self-collection and in the medical collection material were respectively: bacterial vaginosis in 21.7% and 17.9%, non bacillar flora in 10.3% and 11.3%, vaginal trichomoniasis in 5.66% and 5.6%, candidiasis in 3.78% and 2.8% and a normal microbiota in 52.8% and 56.6%. The Kappa coefficient suggested a "very good correlation" of the microbiological results between the two methods of collection (K=0.7945). The selfcollection kit provides samples for microbiological analysis of the vaginal microbiota as good as medical collection.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is an uncommon, contagious, sexually transmitted disease (STD). We report a case of a 17-year-old teenager who presented with a 2-month-old ulcerous vegetant lesion in the right inguinal region. The patient was diagnosed with LGV and received erythromycin treatment. Three months after treatment, he presented with a new ulcerous lesion, very similar to the previous one, in the right supraclavicular region. He was diagnosed with a diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Both diseases are rare in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil, and physicians should not neglect the possibility of STDs in such cases.

Introduction: STD are a serious public health problem, causing various complications, such as infertility, cervical cancer, penile cancer, and various psychosocial problems. Objective: evaluate the knowledge of STD and risk factors of the acquisition of STD among the 10 th Military Unit police officers of Rio de Janeiro State. Methods: cross-sectional epidemiological study through the distribution of individual and anonymous questionnaires. Target population: Military police officers from the 10 th MU, located in Barra do Piraí, Rio de Janeiro State. The questionnaire consisted of 24 questions addressing social-demographic data (age, sex, marital status, military rank) and sexual behavior/risk practices (partnership type, sexual practices, condom use, number of partners, frequency of intercourse, alcohol use, illicit drugs). Results: 600 questionnaires distributed for a total of 771 military officers on active duty, 313 were answered, and 291 included for analysis. The average age was 36.9 years, 76.64% married, 89.7% aware of STD, 94.5% know how to prevent from STD, 90.37% had lessons about STD, 13.05% already had STD, 95.88% use contraceptives, 22.68% had more than 41 sexual partners during their lifetime, 40% had more than two sexual partners last year, 14.42% had six sexual partners in the last 12 months, 23% have an affair, about 13% reported intercourse with sex professionals, 9.27% reported group intercourse, 6.19% use alcohol during intercourse, 4% reported homossexual activity, 45.36% make sex twice to three times a week, 71.14% make oral sex, and 34.02% reported anal sex. Conclusion: the 10 th MU police officers have high knowledge about STD and there is a considerable risk of acquiring STD by these individuals, since many of them do not use condoms, have multiple sexual partners and extramarital sex as well, make group intercourse and also with sex professionals.