RESUMO: esta revisão integrativa da literatura objetivou identificar estudos sobre como o brincar simbólico/faz de conta de pré-escolares tem sido avaliado, quais os objetivos destes estudos e quais instrumentos têm sido utilizados para avaliar esse comportamento. Os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO (Psychology Information), Scopus, e BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), entre os anos 2009 e 2015, utilizando-se palavras-chave e descritores do DeCS (Descritores em Ciência da Saúde) e do MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), em diferentes combinações: criança pré-escolar/child preschool; brinquedo terapêutico/play therapy; faz de conta/make believe/pretend play; jogo simbólico/symbolic play. A amostra final constituiu em 16 artigos. As publicações sobre o brincar simbólico/faz de conta de pré-escolares têm sido tênues, demonstrando que ainda há muito a avançar no assunto. Dentre os instrumentos citados verifica-se que o Child Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA) foi o mais utilizado, estando presente em cinco artigos, envolvendo população diversa (deficiência cognitiva, lesão cerebral adquirida, paralisia cerebral e autismo). Os estudos focalizam, em sua maioria, crianças de desenvolvimento típico, objetivando obter um parâmetro para identificação do desempenho do brincar simbólico/faz de conta esperado, além de demonstrar que ao se avaliar este brincar é possível verificar outros aspectos importantes para o desenvolvimento infantil, como os emocionais e cognitivos, as habilidades sociais e de comunicação, possibilitando identificar possíveis déficits destas crianças e auxiliar os profissionais em suas práticas clínicas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Especial. Criança Pré-Escolar. Faz de Conta. Instrumentos de Avaliação.ABSTRACT: this integrative review of the literature aimed to identify studies about how the symbolic play/pretend play by preschool children has been evaluated, what the objectives of these studies are and which instruments have been used to evaluate this behavior. The data were collected in the CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO (Psychology Information), Scopus, and VHL (Virtual Health Library) databases between 2009 and 2015, using keywords and descriptors of DeCS (Health Science Descriptors) and MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), in different combinations: criança pré-escolar/preschool child; brinquedo terapêutico/play therapy; faz de conta/make believe/pretend play; jogo simbólico/symbolic play. The final sample consisted of 16 papers. Publications about the symbolic play/pretend play by preschoolers have been tenuous, demonstrating that there is still much to be done. Among the mentioned instruments, the Child Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA) was the most used, being present in five papers, involving diverse population (cognitive disability, acquired cerebral lesion, cerebral palsy and autism). Most studies focus on child...

Introduction Play is an indication of children's development and how they function. In occupational therapy it is regarded as an important occupation of childhood. Assessment of a child's play should be included in the test batteries of occupational therapists, who understand the construct validity of the assessment they have chosen. Our aim was to provide evidence of reliability, internal consistency and hypotheses testing of the construct validity of the cross‐culturally adapted version of the Child‐Initiated Pretend Play Assessment. Methods Two hundred typically developing Brazilian children aged 3 years were evaluated individually using the Child‐Initiated Pretend Play Assessment. Results The internal consistency showed a Cronbach's alpha coefficient to Percentage of Pretend Play Actions (PEPA) of 0.86 and NOS of 0.81. There were significant differences between the younger children (aged 36–41 months) and the older children (aged 42–47 months) for elaborate play across both conventional‐imaginative play (p = .002), symbolic play (p = .012), and the combined score (p = .005). There were significant differences between younger and older girls for elaborate play with symbolic play materials (p = .009) and elaborate play overall (p = .039). There were significant differences between young and older boys for elaborate play with conventional toys (p = .006) and elaborate play overall (p = .025). There were no significant differences for object substitution or imitated actions. Conclusion The measurement properties of the cross‐culturally adapted version of the Child‐Initiated Pretend Play Assessment for 3‐year‐old Brazilian children identified evidence for response processes, internal structure, with discussion of consequences of testing for 3‐year‐old Brazilian children.

LUCISANO, R.V. Validity of the brazilian version of Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA)for three years old children. 2016. 158f. Dissertation (Master's degree)

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders in the development of movement and posture due to non‐progressive disturbances during foetal or infant brain development that can result in activity limitations, including engagement in pretend play. Methods Twenty children aged four to seven years with spastic CP participated in this descriptive qualitative study. The Child‐Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA) clinical observations were analysed from five categories: Time, Interaction with the examiner, Imitation, Theme and Story. Results Seventy per cent (70%) of the children completed the assessment (Time), and 90% of children interacted socially with the examiner during the play (Interaction with the examiner). All children initiated their pretend play without requiring examiner demonstration (Imitation). Sixty per cent (60%) of the children were appropriate to their stage of development for Theme. Finally, 60% of the children set up a scenario, but did not develop a narrative (Story). Conclusion Qualitative aspects of the children's pretend play performance were satisfactory, showing typical play indicators in all the categories, except for ‘Story’. ‘Story’ represents more complexity in a child's pretend play ability. Therefore, a play intervention is suggested to stimulate and expand the pretend play ability of preschool children with CP.