No abstract

The rubbish bin is needed globally because of the place to collect the rest of the rubbish. The rubbish bin is available in the public area, home, and office. This study redesigned the Rubissh bin to make it more ergonomic and efficient when used and recruited 100 students of Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai (45 female participants and 55 male participants) by measuring their anthropometry of the human body. Anthropometric data measured in the form of Lebar Bahu (LB), Tinggi Kepalan Tangan (TKT), Tinggi Pinggang Berdiri (TPB), Lebar Telapak Tangan (LTT), Lebar Telapak Kaki (LTK), and Jangkauan Tangan Kedepan (JTD). After that, the data in the normality test can be seen that the chi-square <chi square table, that mean is normally distributed. The uniformity test states that the 6 anthropometric data were uninformed, and the data sufficiency test shows that the results of data processing were sufficient to represent all samples (N '<N). The results of testing and calculation of percentiles can be measured in redesign ergonomic efficient rubbish bin based on anthropometric data in the form of LB (P5: 34.61 cm), TKT (P95: 81.75 cm), TPB, (P95: 106.67 cm), LTT (P95: 10.28 cm), LTK (P95: 11.95 cm), JTD (P95: 83.27 cm). Therefore, the redesign of the rubbish bin has been determined in an ergonomic size so that it can be used practically, safely, and comfortably. Keywords: Antropometric Data, Ergonomic, Redesign, Rubbish Bin.

Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari anak menuju usia dewasa, masa ini dibagi menjadi 3 tahap yaitu masa remaja awal, remaja tengah dan remaja akhir, apabila dalam masa ini remaja salah memahami pentingnya kesehatan reproduksi maka akan berakibat fatal terhadap kelangsungan kehidupan masa dewasanya dan akan mengganggu pembangunan bangsa. Oleh karena itu perlunya dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan tentang kesehatan reproduksi yang baik dan benar. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan remaja sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi. Desain penelitian ini dengan menggunakan One Group Pre-test – Post-test Design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswi kelas XI semester II di SMK AL-Faruqi. Teknik sampling dilakukan secara simple random sampling dengan responden sebanyak 21 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Variabel independen pendidikan kesehatan dan variabel dependennya pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen biofisiologis sebelum dan sesudah pemberian treatment yaitu pendidikan kesehatan. Cara menganalisanya menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon dengan tingkat signifikan P < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada subyek tingkat signifikansinya adalah p = 0,003. Kesimpulanada pengaruh yang signifikan antara pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan remaja tentangkesehatan reproduksi.

The use of toilets in Indonesia mostly uses the squat toilet type. The squat toilet is a type of toilet that is comfortable and stable in its use. The type of squat toilet in Indonesia, especially in Riau, has the most widely used toilet for adults, this is very difficult for young children in a smaller time span than adults so that children are not comfortable and stable when using a squat toilet. The service method was carried out at the Aqila Kids PAUD Post in Rimbo Panjang Village, and was attended by 15 students along with parental assistance. The result of this socialization is that it can increase knowledge about the distance between children's feet by measuring the distance between the legs when children squat, education on the importance of using squat toilets from an early age and knowledge in using squatting toilet training. The empowerment of teachers and parents in monitoring the use of squatting toilet training is expected to be realized properly by presenting several examples of squatting properly and correctly so as to create a comfortable and safe atmosphere.

Sitting toilets are preferred globally because they afford a relatively comfortable posture. However, squat toilets are among the most common toilets in numerous public areas because of their advantages, including personal hygiene, easy cleaning, and health benefits. This study attempted to determine optimal toilet design parameters and recruited 50 Taiwanese and 50 Southeast Asian women and collected span between feet (SBF) data for participants squatting in their most comfortable posture, and also surveyed maximum outer width (MOW) data of 28 public squat toilets in Taipei. Finally, we compared the squatting stability levels of 40 female participants (20 Taiwanese and 20 Southeast Asians) who squatted for 2 min at comfortable SBF and MOW-based SBF values. The results revealed that the minimum and maximum SBFs of Taiwanese were 14.52 cm and 18.40 cm, and that of Southeast Asians were 15.64 cm and 20.40 cm, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the SBFs between the two groups was observed. The mean (range) MOW of the surveyed toilets was 27.7 (27–29) cm. Analysis of variance results showed no difference in stability between the two SBFs. This implies that the comfortable SBF (i.e., 16 cm between the participants’ heels) was narrower than the MOW, as commonly used, indicating that the comfortable SBF can be considered as an optimal toilet width parameter because of its constant stability.