General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) merupakan instrumen pengukuran self efficacy yang menyeluruh dalam berbagai situasi yang dikembangkan oleh Schwarzer dan Jerusalem (1995). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji validitas konstruk instrumen General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) yang diadaptasi ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau dengan sampel 585 orang. Metode confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) digunakan untuk menguji konstruk instrumen ini dengan menggunakan software LISREL 8.80 (Jöreskog & Sörbom, 2006). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan aitem General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) yang berjumlah 10 aitem bersifat unidimensional. Seluruh aitem General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) hanya mengukur satu faktor sehingga model satu faktor yang diteorikan dalam General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) dapat diterima.
<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara body dissatisfaction dengan perilaku diet pada remaja perempuan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 204 orang remaja perempuan yang berusia 15-19 tahun yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) dari Van Strien et al., (1986) dan skala Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34) dari Cooper, Taylor, Cooper dan Fairbum (1987) yang diadaptasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan penelitian. Berdasarkan analisis korelasi Pearson Product Moment, hipotesis dalam penelitian ini ditolak karena ditemukan adanya hubungan negatif antara body dissatisfaction dengan perilaku diet pada remaja perempuan dengan nilai r = -0.229 (p<0.01). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingginya body dissatisfaction pada remaja perempuan tidak selalu diiringi dengan tingginya perilaku diet. Temuan lainnya dari penelitian ini juga menunjukkan aspek perubahan yang drastis terhadap persepsi mengenai tubuh merupakan aspek yang memiliki nilai korelasi tertinggi terhadap perilaku diet r = -0.224 (p<0.01). Sehingga, remaja perempuan diharapkan memiliki pengetahuan tentang gambaran tubuh ideal dan sehat serta memiliki orientasi yang lebih positif terhadap tubuh yang dimiliki.</p>
This study examined self-efficacy and optimism in predicting subjective well being of firstyear undergraduate students. Participants were first-year undergraduate students of UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau (N=372; 121 males, 251 females). Participants completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Satisfaction With Life Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale and Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine how the predictors contribute to subjective well-being. Results indicated that self-efficacy and optimism predicted first-year undergraduate students' subjective well-being (F (2, 369)=53.920; p<0.01). Results also indicated that self-efficacy have a higher contribution (β=0.403; p<0.01) than optimism (β=0.137; p<0.01). In conclusion, self-efficacy and optimism are important in predicting subjective well-being firstyear undergraduate students.
Despite the fact that cyberbullying is common on social media, only a few instruments have beendeveloped to assess cyberbullying tendencies in the social media context. The purpose of this study is to develop a Cyberbullying in Social Media Scale (CSMS) for cyberbullying perpetration. Participants are active social media users in Indonesia (n = 958) between the ages of 18 and 40. The Cronbach alpha reliability testing showed that CSMS had a high internal consistency (α =.852). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that CSMS fit the one-factor model (χ² (54) = 154.891, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.044 [90% CI 0.036, 0.052], CFI = 0.906, TLI = 0.885, SRMR = 0.049). Convergent-discriminant validity testing method using the Big Five Inventory also showed that CSMS is valid in measuring cyberbullying perpetration in the social media context. The Cyberbullying in Social Media Scale (CSMS) is a developed unidimensional measurement tool that evaluates cyberbullying tendencies on social media. The CSMS has demonstrated reliability and validity, making it a valuable new instrument for screening and assessing levels of cyberbullying tendencies among young adults in Indonesia. As such, the scale has practical applications for guiding interventions and investigating cyberbullying behavior.
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