Seven medicinal plants used in folk medicine to relieve various diseases including diabetes, were investigated for antihyperglycemic activities. Two types of extracts for each plant were processed by decoction and by soaking in an aqueous-acetone mixture. The inhibitory activities were tested on α-amylase and α-glucosidase along with chelating activity. The aqueous-acetone extracts of Feretia apodanthera and Ozoroa insignis exerted strong inhibition on α-glucosidase (96.51±0.14 and 96.44±0.68 %, respectively) but lower inhibition on α-amylase (21.60±1.69 and 93.85±6.58 %, respectively) and displayed a weak chelating activity as compared to the respective standards acarbose and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Subsequent column fractionation resulted in selectively strong inhibition of α-glucosidase. The inhibitory activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase were weakly correlated (R=0.389) and both were inversely correlated with metal chelating activity (R=-0.731 and R=-0.809, respectively). Volatile compounds, 1-nonadecene and 1-heptadecene identified by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were related to the inhibitory activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. This potent inhibition of sugar degrading enzymes may help to manage the hyperglycaemia occurring in type 2 diabetes.

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Literature survey reveals that in past few decades, some urea derivatives have been synthesized for the management of DM among which sulphonylurea have been gaining considerable recognition in the management of DM worldwide. In the present study N-phenyl-.N-(substituted) phenoxy acetyl ureas were synthesized using three- step reaction pathway. A new series of phenylurea's were prepared by treating phenylurea with chloroacetyl chloride to form the product which on further treatment with various substituted phenols gave the final product. All synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of M.P range, RF value, elemental analysis, IR, NMR spectral analysis. Out of the compounds tested few showed antihyperglycaemic activity. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved.

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