This paper develops a modified shift-share model for foreign exports of states. We identify the sectoral mix as a proxy for supply conditions and the relative mix of foreign markets as a proxy for demand conditions. We measure the relative importance of both demand and supply factors using the MISER data set. The results suggest that demand conditions are as important, if not more so, than supply conditions in explaining recent foreign export among states.

This article describes and discusses the components of an economic impact analysis of casino gambling in state and local economies. The article focuses on the positive and negative economic impacts of casino gambling and how large these impacts are likely to be in specific old and new gambling jurisdictions. An emphasis is given to the consequences of market structures used by specific jurisdictions in issuing gambling licenses. The article suggests that monopolistic and oligopolistic market structures are, in general, the major reasons for economic losses for state and local economies when they legalize casino gambling.

At the national level, trade-weighted real exchange rates and foreign incomes significantly impact exports. At the subnational level, these variables are generally insignificant in the few studies that include them. We argue that the standard use of national trade weights in the construction of subnational trade-weighted averages of exchange rates and foreign incomes is inappropriate, and we then construct these variables using state-specific trade weights. In our panel data analysis of state-level manufacturing exports, these variables enter significantly and with the expected signs. Also, their out-of-sample forecasting ability is significantly better than that of the national tradeweighted variables.

T HIS ARTICLE REFORTS an analysis of new data on the cost to society of compulsive gambling. Such analyses must be available to policymakers who are called on to authorize and control gambling activities. They must also be accessible to courts as they wrestle with questions of assigning legal responsibility for the incidence of problem gambling and its consequences. The gambling phenomenon has witnessed significant expansion over the past decade. Prior to 1988, only two states-Nevada and New Jersey-permitted casino gambling. Then the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) was passed, bringing casino gambling to Native American lands in a score of states. Soon, commercial riverboat casinos appeared on the waterways of Iowa, Illinois, Mississippi, Louisiana, Indiana, and Missouri. South Dakota and Colorado authorized small-stakes casino gaming for selected towns, while Louisiana and Michigan approved high-rolling casinos in their largest cities. Additionally, in recent years the number of states with government-operated lotteries has increased to 37 (plus the District of Columbia), and states with horserace and dograce gambling have also increased in number. 1 Although a wave of gambling fever seems to be sweeping the country, the voices of gambling opponents are also growing louder. In

The potential relationship between gambling and crime has been a key issue among supporters and opponents of the recent spread of casino gambling in the US. This paper empirically investigates the potential link between casino gambling and crime for Wisconsin counties using the theoretical framework of Becker. Our results show that the existence of a casino within the boundaries of a county led to an increase in the county's crime rates. The results also suggest that a strong spillover effect took place across space, with counties adjacent to casino-counties experiencing higher crime rates. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.