Resumen: Se presenta el análisis fl orístico de un bosque de Abies y del bosque mesófi lo de montaña adyacente, localizados al occidente de Jalisco, México. Se obtuvo una lista de plantas vasculares constituida por 80 familias, 195 géneros y 290 especies, con un índice de diversidad fl orística de 210.33 especies/km 2 , el cual es elevado al compararlo con el obtenido en otras áreas boscosas similares. Las familias más diversas por cantidad de especies son Asteraceae (46), Fabaceae (22) y Orchidaceae (18). La fl ora de la comunidad estudiada es similar a lo descrito para los bosques de oyamel en Nueva Galicia y a los bosques mesófi los de la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana. Cinco especies recolectadas en el área se encuentran bajo alguna categoría de riesgo dentro de la Norma Ofi cial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 (Abies fl inckii, Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. discolor, Juglans major var. glabrata, Ostrya virginiana y Tilia americana var. mexicana). Los rodales de Abies fl inckii son propuestos como área de conservación dado su carácter relictual. Palabras clave: área natural protegida, Nueva Galicia, riqueza fl orística. Abstract:A fl oristic analysis of a fi r forest and the adjacent cloud forest located at western Jalisco was made. We obtained a list of vascular plants consisting of 80 families, 195 genera and 290 species, with a fl oristic diversity index of 210.33 species/km 2 , which is high when compared to other similar forested areas. The most diverse families in number of species are Asteraceae (46), Fabaceae (22) and Orchidaceae (18). This plant community is very similar to those described for fi r forests in Nueva Galicia and the cloud forests from the Transmexican Volcanic Belt. There are fi ve species in some risk category within the Norma Ofi cial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 (Abies fl inckii, Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. discolor, Juglans major var. glabrata, Ostrya virginiana y Tilia americana var. mexicana). Patches of Abies fl inckii are proposed as a conservation area due to its relictual condition.
El occidente de Jalisco alberga archipiélagos de bosque mesófilo de montaña, los cuales, al igual que en el este de México, tienen una alta riqueza de especies arbóreas raras y con distribución restringida. En su límite superior altitudinal forman ecotonos con bosques de Abies. Hipótesis: Con el incremento de la altitud, hay un cambio direccional en la distribución de las especies dominantes, estructura de la vegetación y disminución en riqueza de especies leñosas. Descripción de datos: Los datos analizados incluyeron área basal, altura, abundancia, diversidad Shannon, riqueza y variables ambientales. Sitio de estudio y año de estudio: El occidente de Jalisco, en dos localidades con bosque mesófilo de montaña y bosque de Abies, desde septiembre de 2013 hasta agosto de 2015. Métodos: Se midieron e identificaron especies leñosas en 32 unidades de muestreo de 0.1 ha; mediante análisis de regresión y métodos multivariados se exploraron variables ambientales asociadas a grupos de vegetación en relación con la altitud. Resultados: Se detectaron patrones unimodales y lineales de estructura y diversidad en ambos gradientes. Los análisis sugieren cinco grupos: bosque mesófilo de baja montaña asociado a temperatura media anual, precipitación anual y pedregosidad; bosque mesófilo de alta montaña y bosque de coníferas (Abies) asociados a la altitud y precipitación invernal; y dos grupos dominados por Quercus-Pinus. Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran que distintas especies dominantes están asociadas a diferentes condiciones climáticas y sugieren patrones distintos en cada localidad: a) la riqueza disminuye con la altitud en La Bufa; b) la riqueza y la estructura muestran un patrón unimodal en Laguna Juanacatlán. Palabras clave: Bosque de Abies, bosque mesófilo de montaña, especies indicadoras, gradiente altitudinal, precipitación, temperatura.
Jalisco fir (Abies jaliscana) is an endemic tree with restricted distribution, and is considered a Pliocene relict inhabiting the cloud montane forests in the humid-temperate upper zone of western Jalisco Mountains. Despite its ecological importance, to date, there are no studies for this taxon aimed to understand its vulnerability to regional climate variability. We used dendrochronological techniques to investigate tree-ring patterns and the effects of climate variability on the radial growth of Jalisco fir through its elevational range in both southern and northern aspects. We developed tree-ring series that ranged in length from 79 to 152 years. High-elevation trees (2400 m.a.s.l.) showed higher annual radial growth compared to those present in low-elevation sites. Over the last 150 years, Abies jaliscana trees have had higher annual radial growth rates compared to those exhibited by other Abies species. Both winter and early spring precipitation are the main factors determining the growth rates at all the elevation sites for both aspects. In the cold season, mean maximum temperature negatively affected ring-width growth at most of the elevation zones except for two study sites. We conclude that the radial growth of A. jaliscana appears to be smaller during lower rainfall periods in the dry seasons (winter and early spring), and A. jaliscana annual radial growth responds differently to regional climate variability along the elevational gradient and mountain aspects.
Triphora gallegosii, a new species of geophyte orchid known so far from central, western, and northwestern Mexico, is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to T. gentianioides and T. wagneri, with whom it shares the presence of scale-like leaves, three longitudinal verrucose lines on the lip, and floral parts of similar sizes, but differs from both by its lip lines that vanish towards the middle of the central lobe, having 1–4 resupinate flowers, and flowering between August and September. It also differs from T. wagneri by having a constricted central lobe and lateral lobes with acute apex, and from T. gentianoides by having entire margins on the lateral lobes, column with a magenta apex and whitish towards the middle portion with a green base, magenta anther, smaller leaves, and solitary growth. A preliminary analysis of the conservation status and a dichotomous key to the species of the genus in Mexico are provided.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.