Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as a mono-infusion was administered to 51 patients for periods of a few hours. A further group of 19 patients received SNP for periods of several days as a combination solution of SNP mixed with sodium thiosulphate. The concentrations of cyanide and of thiocyanate in the blood of all patients were measured. In seven of the patients the level of thiosulphate was also measured. Infusion of SNP on its own at levels exceeding 2 microgram/kg/min led to the rising of cyanide levels in the blood being proportional to dosage. Infusion of SNP mixed with thiosulphate showed no such accumulation of cyanide in any patient, irrespective of dosage level and duration. The efficacy at lowering blood pressure was fully maintained in the mixed infusion. The elimination half-life for thiosulphate was 16.5 min. Pharmacokinetic calculation of the rise in cyanide level showed that mono-infusions of 5-10 micrograms SNP/kg/min could within 5-10 h cause a life-threatening cyanide level in the blood. By contrast, mixed infusion of SNP together with thiosulphate, for which light-opaque syringes and tubing must be used, is a procedure free of danger and should become the technique of choice when therapeutically administering SNP in order to lower blood pressure.

Aktivierte Methylgruppen heterocyclischer Systeme wurden nach den Methoden von KING-KROHNKE und F. M. HAMER in die entsprechenden Aldehyde ubergefuhrt. Aktivierte Methylgruppen heterocyclischer Systeme lassen sich rnit Jod und Pyridin in die Pyridiniumjodide iiberfuhrenz), aus denen mit p-Nitroso-dimethylanilin im basischen Medium die Nitrone darstellbar sindw. Ib-VIIIb Tolgender Verbindungen sind dieser Keaktionsfolge zuganglich : I. 2-Methyl-[naphtho-2'. I':4.5-oxazol] IV. 2-Methyl-5-methoxy-benzselenazol (2-Methyl-a-naphthoxazol) V. 4.6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin V I . 2.3-Dimethyl-pyrazin (2-Methyl-P-naphthoxazol) VII. 2.5-Dimethyl-pyrazin VII 1. Tetramethyl-pyrazin I I. ?-Methyl-[naphtho-l'.2': 4.5-oxazol] I II. 2-Methyl-benzselenazol Das Tetramethyl-pyrazin reagiert nur rnit zwei seiner Methylgruppen. Aus sterischen Griinden nehmen wir an, daB es sich um p-sthdige Methylgruppen handelt. Durch Zersetzung der Nitrone von I, I1 und 111 rnit Mineralsauren lassen sich die entsprechenden Aldehyde gewinnen.Aus den Nitronen von IV, V, VI, V11 und VllI konnten die freien Aldehyde nicht erhalten werden; jedoch bilden sich ihre Phenylhydrazone bzw. 2.4-Dinitrophenylhydrazone beim Erwarmen der Nitrone mit einer salzsauren, alkoholischen Phenylhydrazin-bzw. 2.4-Dinitrophenylhydrazin-Losung.Durch Chlormethylierung von 6.7-Benzo-thionaphthen entsteht das 2.3-Bischlormethyl-6.7-benzo-thionaphthen, aus dem nach dem Verfahren von KRoHNKE3.4) der 6.7-Benzo-thionaphthen-dialdehyd-(2.3) (1X) erhalten wird. Er wurde als Bis-2.4-1) Teil der Dissertat. R. M. GROSS, Univ. Frankfurt a. M. 1957.

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When my mother’s silvery white wedding ring slid off and rolled under the porch of the summer cottage in New Hampshire, I was the only one small enough to crawl beneath the porch to retrieve it. I had no idea I would, later in life, consider the material used to make that ring—platinum—one of the elements important to one of my life’s pursuits. After I found the ring, I can distinctly remember feeling sorry for my mother because it wasn’t gold, like other mothers wore. I asked her about that, and I remember her answer. “This is rarer than gold,” she recounted, “and it’s sturdier, which means I can wear it my entire life.” So, my vast knowledge of platinum at that time was that it was used to make jewelry. By the time I was in high school and developing a growing interest in science, I was reintroduced to