As the obesity epidemic worsens, more people are opting for weight-loss surgery, including gastric bypass. Of the possible complications associated with this procedure, hypoglycemia secondary to hyperinsulinemia is becoming a more common and therefore more relevant problem.

We found that type 1 diabetes affected adipose and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity to a greater extent in women than in men, perhaps contributing to the greater relative increase in cardiovascular risk in women with type 1 diabetes.

Insulin pumps are a major advance in diabetes management, making insulin dosing easier and more accurate and providing great flexibility, safety, and efficacy for people who need basal-bolus insulin therapy. They are the preferred treatment for people with type 1 diabetes and many with type 2 diabetes who require insulin. This article reviews the basics of how insulin pumps work, who benefits from a pump, and how to manage inpatients and outpatients on insulin pumps.