In this paper we attempt to investigate the attitudes towards their perceived social responsibility on the part of the executives of a sample of medium and large Russian companies. Our empirical study is based on an original survey of executive managers of 500 industrial enterprises in almost all regions of Russia. We designed our questionnaire using as a starting point some important conclusions made by theorists who analysed the development of CSR in mature capitalist economies. Our objective was to probe whether the reaction by Russian managers would be in line with expectations grounded in western theoretical constructs, in particular the concept of business legitimacy. To preview our findings, we got evidence of a discrepancy between anticipated and actual attitudes. This result led us to consider a range of economic, social and political factors in the search for an explanation.
Statistical analyses-Analysis of variance and two tailed Student's t test were used after log transformation to make the data distribution normal.
IntroductionPregnancy is accompanied by profound changes in maternal haemodynamics. Plasma volume expands considerably, but changes in the peripheral vascular tone usually prevent an increase in blood pressure. The precise regulation of such changes has not been documented.Calcitonin gene related peptide is a potent vasoactive peptidel-' that normally circulates in man,4 but its physiological role is not fully understood. To determine the gestational changes in its secretion we measured plasma concentrations of immunoreactive calcitonin gene related peptide on four occasions during entirely normal pregnancies and at five to seven days post partum in a cross sectional study. Such studies have not to our knowledge been undertaken.
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