We examine the impact of extreme heat during pregnancy on infant mortality and check if public interventions can serve as effective adaptation strategies. We show that 2 children die as infants out of 1000 births in India for high temperature during pregnancy, tentatively due to reduced agricultural yields, wages, and greater disease prevalence like diarrhea. The heat-infant mortality relationship holds in rural India only. Using phased introduction of an employment guarantee program and partial introduction of a community health care worker program for identification, we find that only the health program is effective in modifying the temperature-infant mortality relationship in rural India.

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This work investigates the novel use of additive manufacturing in the production of interdigital cavity filters. It is found that AM enables the production of interdigitated pins of complex cross-sectional geometry, leading to the development of a suitable synthesis method using a commonly available 2D Eigenmode port impedance solver. The method is validated by manufacturing an L-band interdigital filter of 70 % fractional bandwidth with triangular bars though selective laser melting, as well as a classical design using rectangular bars. It is found that triangular bars obtain similar coupling to rectangular bars over an average of 35 % wider spacing gaps, reducing its sensitivity to manufacturing error. In addition, neither filter requires postproduction tuning, although the bars do warp slightly during printing. These results illustrate the advantages of using additive manufacturing for the synthesis of wideband interdigital filters.

Access to primary care during early life can have substantial benefits in developing countries. This study evaluates the long-run impact of the Village Midwife Program in Indonesia. It utilizes the rollout variation of the program and links individual background and community characteristics in early childhood to adult outcomes in the Indonesian Family Life Survey. It finds that the presence of a midwife in a community in utero leads to an improvement in overall health, cognition, and economic outcomes among men, but not women. Greater receipt of antenatal care and skilled birth attendance could, in part, drive these results.