Night break effect is widely used in chrysanthemum production by applying incandescent (INC) lamps to inhibit flowering of chrysanthemum in order to obtain longer shoots. To save energy, LED lamps had been developed as a new light source and used in agriculture. Since there is limited research on chrysanthemums grown in LED light culture, we studied the night break effect by using several different wavelengths of LED lamps. Red (R) light from LED-630 and LED-660 had perfect inhibition on floral bud differentiation in 'Jimba,' but could not inhibit that in 'Iwa no hakusen' chrysanthemums. The far-red (FR) light of LED-735 had no effect on the inhibition of floral bud differentiation in 'Jimba,' but it was delayed in 'Iwa no hakusen.' Treatments of LED-690 and INC lamps inhibited floral bud differentiation in 'Jimba' and strongly delayed that in 'Iwa no hakusen.' Treatments of a combination of R light of LED-660 and FR light of LED-735 inhibited floral bud differentiation in both the cultivars.

Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat 'Jimba' and 'Iwa no hakusen' were used as the plant materials. They flower in September and June under natural conditions in Japan. Shoots that were 10 cm in length were planted in plastic cases (32 cm 43 cm 10 cm) filled with BM2 (Berger Peat Moss Ltd., Canada). Each plastic case was divided

Boninia glabra Planchon, which belongs to the family Rutaceae, is indigenous to the Bonin Islands in Japan.1) No phytochemical study of the plant has been made to date. As part of our phytochemical studies on the Bonin Islands, 2) the chemical components of an MeOH extract obtained from the leaves of B. glabra were investigated. As a result, three new furoquinoline alkaloid oxogeranyl ethers (1-3) were isolated, along with a known furoquinoline alkaloid (4). This paper describes the isolation and structural elucidation of these components. After column chromatography and HPLC separation of the CHCl 3 -soluble part of the MeOH extract, compounds (1-3) were isolated together with a known furoquinoline alkaloid, skimmianine (4).3,4) Identification of the known compound was achieved by comparisons with previously reported physical and spectral data.Compound 1 exhibited a molecular formula of C 22 H 23 NO 4 by HR-EI-MS and had IR absorption at 1670 cm Ϫ1 (conjugated ketone). The 1 H-NMR spectrum of 1 ( (d 101.9, 113.4, 147.7, 154.5, 155.1, 156.9, 160.3, 164.5). On the aromatic ring, the 1 H-and 13 C-NMR spectral data of 1 were in close agreement with those of evolitrine (5) 5,6) and other 7-O-substituted-4-methoxyfuroquinolines, 7,8) suggesting that 1 is a 7-O-substituted-4-methoxyfuroquinoline alkaloid containing a C 10 side-chain. Three novel furoquinoline alkaloid oxogeranyl ethers (1-3) and one known furoquinoline alkaloid (4) were isolated from the leaves of Boninia glabra, an endemic plant of the Bonin Islands. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.

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Three New Furoquinoline Alkaloids from the Leaves of Boninia glabra. -(INADA*, A.; OGASAWARA, R.; KOGA, I.; NAKATANI, N.; INATOMI, Y.; MURATA, H.; NISHI, M.; NAKANISHI, T.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 56 (2008) 5, 727-729; Fac. Pharm. Sci., Setsunan Univ., Hirakata, Osaka 573-01, Japan; Eng.) -M. Bohle 44-199