The objective of the present study is to describe high-resolution CT (HRCT) chest manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients presenting to a tertiary healthcare facility in Punjab, Pakistan, and to analyze the distribution of the disease in lung fields. Additionally, we assess the role of chest CT severity scoring (CT-SS) in determining the severity of pneumonia. Methods In this cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from March 30, 2020, to May 30, 2020, 87 confirmed COVID-19 patients undergoing HRCT scan in a tertiary care facility in Punjab, Pakistan were included. The HRCT chest was performed on the patients using a standard protocol. Each study was evaluated for the presence of ground-glass opacities (GGOs), consolidation, mixed pattern, distribution, crazy paving, reverse halo sign, nodules, pleural effusion, and other findings. Additionally, CT-SS was calculated by dividing each lung into 20 zones. Each zone was scored as 0, 1, and 2, representing no involvement, <50% involvement, and >50% involvement of one zone respectively (total score: 0-40 for each patient). The patients were classified into mild, moderate, and severe cases (mild: CT-SS of <20, moderate: CT-SS of 20-30, and severe: CT-SS of >30). Results GGO was the most common finding, as seen in 88.5% of the patients, followed by consolidations (52.8%) and crazy paving (33.3%). The majority of the patients showed the bilateral and peripheral distribution of the disease process. Vascular dilatation and bronchiectasis were seen in 10 patients; pleural effusions were observed in only two study patients, while no patient exhibited reverse halo sign or pulmonary nodules. The superior segment of lower lobes was the most commonly involved segment bilaterally. According to CT-SS, 78 (89.6%), six (6.9%), and three (3.45%) patients had mild, moderate, and severe disease respectively.

Objectives: The aim of this research work is to find out the precision of FAST scan in detection of the significant abdominal trauma with the utilization of the CT abdomen considering it as a gold standard. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Radiology and Department of Emergency in Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: Six months from March, 2019 to September 2019. Material & Methods: Total 120 patients of both genders having age from 16 to 65 years who were presented in the Department of Trauma emergency. Both were the participants of this research work. We carried out CT of abdomen and FAST scan for every patient. We also calculated the sensitivity, PPV, NPV, specificity and overall accuracy rate of the FAST scan. Results: There were 80.80% (n: 97) male patients and 19.20% (n: 23) patients were females. We found 28.30% (n: 34) patients as positive in FAST scan and 22.50% (n: 27) patients as positive on CT of abdomen. FAST scan’s accuracy, NPV, PPV, sensitivity and specificity were present as 84.20%, 93%, 61.80%, 77.8% and 86% respectively. Conclusion: FAST scan permits the identification of the free fluid gathered in various regions of the abdomen cavity because of the BAT with high rate of sensitivity, PPV, NPV and specificity.

Introduction: If we could prove the diagnostic accuracy of hepatic vein resistive index in detecting liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease patients, this would be beneficial for the patients as it is a non-invasive, readily available, and cost-effective technique for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. This will help the physicians in the early initiation of definitive management. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five (n=75) patients with hepatitis B aged between 18-50 years were enrolled. Hepatic vein resistive index and liver biopsy were performed in even-patients. Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall accuracy of the hepatic vein resistive index was calculated. Results: Average age group studied was  38y ± 8.2 SD. 57.3 % (N=43) were males and 42.7% (n=32) patients were females respectively. Data of this work Exhibits various statistical indicators 77%. 96.7%. 97.2%. 74.3% and 85.3% respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic vein resistive index measured by ultrasonography can detect liver fibrosis in CLD with overall sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of 77.7%. 96.7%. 97.2%. 74.3% and 85.3% respectively.

Introduction: The attitude (relationship of head of a fetus to the cervical spine) in the first stage of labour has a significant impact on the outcome of labour. Deflexion of the fetal head is determined by digital vaginal examination during labour. However, different ultra-sonographic indexes have been developed to predict labour outcomes. Occiput spine angle (OSA) is a novel ultra-sonographic marker which can be used to predict operative delivery. Objective: To determine the effect of the occipital spinal angle measured through transabdominal ultrasound during the first stage of labour on the labour outcome. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 2, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi from June 2020 to Dec 2020 which included 380 low-risk pregnant women in the first active stage of labour. Occipital-spine angle (OSA) was defined as the angle formed by the fetal occiput and the cervical spine on the sagittal plane at the transabdominal ultrasound. For each case, the angle was calculated twice and independently by the 2 radiologists who were unaware of labour outcome to minimize intra and inter-observer error. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Incidence of operative delivery was 17.2%. A cut-off value of 1260125.50 of OSA had a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 98.1% to predict operative delivery. Binary Logistic Regression showed that gestational age, OSA, and Head station are significant with the OR= 1.15, 0.711, and 0.32 respectively. Conclusion: OSA is a good predictor of operative delivery at a cut-off value of 1260. It should be determined at routine ultrasound booking during pregnancy. More studies should be conducted to highlight its importance.

Aims and Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of Cryokinetics and Ultrasound therapy in treating supraspinatus tendinitis as measured by Visual analogue Scale (VAS) and 1 RM (Repetition Maximum. A sample of 60 patients with acute supraspinatus tendinitis with an experimental comparative study design. Patients who visited out patient department of Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore were included in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both the groups were treated 5 times per week for three weeks. Patients were evaluated with VAS and 1RM on day 1st, 15th day and end of third week. The values are statistically analyzed to determine their effect in reducing pain and improving muscle strength. Results: The two-intervention group showed significant improvement when the pre and post values were analyzed for VAS and 1RM with significant p value (p<0.05). But inter group comparisons showed cryokinetics group to be more effective (p < 0.05) than ultrasound therapy group for all outcome parameters.