We report the development of a space division multiplexed (SDM) transmission system consisting of a 19-core fiber and 19-core Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). A new 19-core fiber with an improved core arrangement was employed to achieve a low aggregated inter-core crosstalk of -42 dB at 1550 nm over 30 km. The EDFA uses shared free-space optics for pump beam combining and isolation, thus is SDM transparent and has some potential for cost reduction. 19.6 dB to 23.3 dB gain and 6.0 dB to 7.0 dB noise figure were obtained for each SDM channel at 1550 nm. System feasibility for SDM transmission over 1200 km was demonstrated with 100 Gb/s PDM-QPSK signals.

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Research has shown that desirable designs shape the use and experiences people have when interacting with technology. Nevertheless, how desirability influences energy consumption is often overlooked, particularly in HCI studies evaluating the sustainability benefits of smart home technology. In this paper, we present a qualitative study with 23 Australian households who reflect on their experiences of living with smart home devices. Drawing on Nelson and Stolterman's concept of desiderata we develop a typology of householders' desires for the smart home and their energy implications. We structure these desires as three smart home personas: the helper, optimiser and hedonist, which align with desiderata's three approaches to desire (reason, ethics and aesthetics). We use these insights to discuss how desirability can be used within HCI for steering design of the smart home towards sustainability.

Swept-wavelength interferometry can rapidly characterize the amplitude and phase transfer matrices of multi-mode fibers and components. We will show measurements of short (meter) and long (kilometer) few-mode, multi-mode, and coupled multi-core fibers.Space-division multiplexing (SDM) uses multiple spatial paths in novel fibers and components to provide capacity increases compared to single-mode fiber (SMF) systems. Integrating these paths into the same fiber can lead to reduced costs and size. Spatial paths include the cores in a multi-core fiber (MCF), the spatial modes in few-mode fibers (FMF) and multi-mode fibers (MMF). Successful transmission results have been obtained in all these fibers including >305-Tb/s over 19-core fiber [1], 1.01-Pb/s over 52-km of 12-core fiber [2], 177-km of FMF supporting six spatial modes [3], and 305-km of 50-µm core graded index MMF using 3 spatial modes [4]. In addition to these fibers, SDM requires new characterization tools to measure mode dependencies and transfer matrices. Fig. 1(a) shows a SDM system that includes N transmitters and N receivers, and a spatial multiplexer and demultiplexer to connect the single-mode transmitters and receivers to the spatial paths of the SDM fiber span. The span contains optical amplifiers, and switching elements. An array of coherent receivers measures the full phase and amplitude of each demultiplexed mode and digital signal processing (DSP) fixes transmission impairments. Transmission Fig. 1: (a) SDM system. (b) SDM fibers with multiple spatial paths. SWI configurations for (c) a single polarization and (d) both polarizations. Using time-delays to measure all spatial paths simultaneously (e) transmission measurement and (f) reflection measurement.