Frozen semen quality is one of many factors that promote successfully of artificial insemination. Preservation at 5ºC is one of the steps of semen freezing to obtain high fertility sperm after added with the extender. This study was aimed to determined the sperm quality (motility, viability, and membrane integrity), MDA level and DNA damage of post-thawed sperm after being preserved at 5ºC for different duration. Bali cattle bull semen collected by artificial vagina. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of ejaculate was conducted first. Qualified semen was diluted in Tris Aminomethan-Egg yolk and then devided into two treatment group: preserved at 5ºC for 4 hours (first group) and 22 hours (second group), and continued to processed into frozen semen, and stored overnight. Pre-freezing and post-thawed of semen analysis was conducted based on SNI: 4869-1:2017 of The National Standardization Agency of Indonesia. Measurement of levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) was conducted by spectrophotometry at 532 nm wavelength, meanwhile measurement of sperms DNA damage percentage was performed by Toluidine blue staining. The result of showed that quality of post-thawed sperm (motility, viability, and membrane integrity) was higher (P<0.05), and MDA level and DNA damage were lower (P<0.05) in preservation at 5°C for 22 hours compared to those of 4 hours. It could be concluded that preservation at 5°C longer (22 hours) means sperm had longer chance to adapt with the extender, this implies the higher quality and lower lipid peroxidation.

This study aims to determine the existence of osteopontin promoter gene polymorphism in dairy bull Peranakan Holstein Friesian (PFH) and its relationship with the quality of PFH bull frozen semen. A total of 10 Holstein Friesian dairy cow blood samples were taken and then DNA extracted and amplified using SPP1F and SPP1R primers. The target band 306bp was detected in all samples and continued by sequencing to analyze the nucleotide bases. The results showed that sample with low quality frozen semen were deleted in the 10098 base and a transition (T-C) in bases 10054. The results indicated that this mutation site could be related to the trait susceptibility to frozen semen quality. Comprehensive studies are highly needed to address other parameters related to any abnormality in sperm during cryopreservation.

Supplementation of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) as an antioxidant into an extender is useful to maintain sperm quality during the process of cryopreservation by protecting the sperms from reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aims to evaluate the protective impacts of vitamin E supplementation on the motility, viability, and reducing the abnormality of sperms in Sapera goats. The sample of semen used in the present study was obtained from fresh semen and good-quality ejaculates of the Sapera goats collected by an artificial vagina. The groups involve one controlled treatment group, which contains semen and tris egg yolk (TEY) extender without vitamin E (P0), and three treatment groups that contain semen, TEY extender, and different doses of vitamin E, i.e., 1 mg/mL (P1), 2 mg/mL (P2), and 3 mg/mL (P3), respectively. Data obtained from the experiments were analyzed using Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis (MANOVA). The results showed that TEY extenders added with vitamin E at a dose of 1 mg/mL of vitamin E (P1) produced the highest motility and viability with the lowest abnormalities of sperm after 24 th hour of cryopreservation. The lowest sperm motility and viability among the treatment groups was observed in the TEY extender added with vitamin E at a dose of 3 mg/mL (P3) at 96 th hour after cryopreservation, which was almost the same as the control group without vitamin E (P0) that had the lowest motility and viability. In conclusion, the current study found that supplementation of vitamin E as an antioxidant at a dose of 1 mg/mL in TEY extender can preserve semen of the Sapera goats in refrigerator up to 96 h at 4°C and provides higher sperm motility and viability percentage, with a lower percentage of sperm abnormality.

RJPT) is an international, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal, devoted to pharmaceutical sciences. The aim of RJPT is to increase the impact of pharmaceutical research both in academia and industry, with strong emphasis on quality and originality. RJPT publishes Original Research Articles, Short Communications, Review Articles in all areas of pharmaceutical sciences from the discovery of a drug up to clinical evaluation. Topics covered are: Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics; Pharmaceutical chemistry including medicinal and analytical chemistry; Pharmacognosy including herbal products standardization and Phytochemistry; Pharmacology: Allied sciences including drug regulatory affairs,