Summaryobjective To study the attitudes, concerns, perceived impact, coping strategies, knowledge on avian influenza (AI) and personal protection measures, and institutional and personal preparedness for AI among all Indonesian primary healthcare workers (PHW).methods Questionnaire survey of PHW from four public primary healthcare clinics in South Jakarta (n = 333), with Singaporean PHW from 18 such clinics as controls (n = 1321). Twelve focus group discussions with 51 South Jakarta PHW were also conducted. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed separately with statistical and thematic analysis, respectively, then combined.results South Jakarta PHW had positive attitudes but major concerns about contracting AI, difficulties in diagnosing human AI and inadequacy of personal protection provided. South Jakarta PHW are less knowledgeable about AI and use of personal protection equipment, and reported poorer awareness, availability and participation in AI preparation activities. Only 3% of South Jakarta PHW received influenza vaccination in the preceding 6 months and few felt prepared for AI.

Introduction: The importance of fostering clinicians who are also scientists is well recognized. It is of value to assess medical students' inclination towards and self-perceived readiness for a research career, as this has implications on the future development of such individuals. Methods: A questionnaire was self-administered to all consenting first year medical students from eleven universities in ten countries. Questions were asked pertaining to inclination towards research careers, confidence in research methodology and ability to understand medical literature. Results: A total of 1354 questionnaires were completed, with a mean response rate of 76.5%. While 24.8% students expressed an interest in pursuing a research career, 48.3% were undecided. Students with prior research experience and students who were attending graduate medical school programmes were more likely to have an interest in a research career after graduation. Males were more interested in learning about biostatistics than females, while the reverse was true for learning about research ethics. Discussion: Most students in their first year of medical school are not inclined towards a research career. This finding applies internationally, across different countries and medical school systems. Thus, the onus is on medical schools to help transform the perception and attitudes of their students during the course of their training, so that a greater proportion will be interested in and ultimately pursue research careers.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease in sub-tropical and tropical climates, could develop into epidemics in both rural and urban areas. Leptospirosis usually occurs after the patient comes into after contact with flood. In the last 5 years the case of disease has increased in DKI Jakarta, as well as in the Kebagusan sub-district of South Jakarta which consists of 8 RWs, from 2017-2019 there were found 5 cases and  potential for an epidemic at surrounding of neighborhood. Therefore, community engagement has a vital role to improve a disease prevention needs,  thus those  community are able to do an independently prevention activity or groups in their habitant. The activity begins with conducting an environment observational, advocacy and coordination, education and training for cadres, public facilities and infrastructure handling workers (PPSU) and residents representative of 3 RWs. From education results activities carried out on 36 targets, the pre-posttest on educated intervention was significant (p=0.000, T-paired test). It’s mean that the target increase their knowledge and understands the potential and risk of leptospirosis disease carried by rats for individual health and community after interventions. Empowerment can be started from the family level to maintain the cleanliness of the home environment as a form of personal responsibility and an important key to break the chain of leptospirosis transmission caused by rats

The frequency of pandemics occurrence has increased, from every 200 years in period before the 18th century, to occurring every 10 to 50 years in the last century. The illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade, the devastation of forests and other wild places, and rapid human mobility were the driving forces behind the increasing number of diseases leaping from wildlife to humans. This article analyzes present human-nature interactions during COVID-19 and projecting future interactions after the pandemic, based on review on academic literature and reports from international development organizations. We found that global pandemic such as COVID-19 is altering humannature interactions in three major global ecological issues: wildlife, urban emission, and land use. For wildlife, COVID-19 affects human perception towards wildlife consumption and trade, as well as animal conservation. For land use, COVID-19 makes countries reduced efforts for forest monitoring and conservation. For urban emission, lockdown/mobility limitation and physical or social distancing policies are proven to some extent resulted in better human-nature interactions that reduce environmental problems. Reduced emission occurred from decreased industrial activities and mobilities. But this positive impact on environment may end once COVID-19 ends and human activities return to previous pattern. Therefore, structural change is required to prepare a resilient sustainable development by continuing existing positive human behavior during COVID-19 as a new normal of human-nature relationships. It is proven to reduce emission and if it is continued, it can have long term impacts on climate change mitigation.

Background: Cancer patient navigation is a coordinated assistance process that assists patients in overcoming barriers to timely and high-quality cancer care