No abstract

The development of batik industry has increased along with the increasing of society requirement of textile material. Colored liquid in the batik industry has the potential to pollute the environment, so it is necessary research that aims to determine the toxicity of batik industrial waste to morphology of Nila Gift fish (Oreochromis niloticus). The test results of COD content contained in the batik industrial liquid waste is 4951,75 mg/L , analysis of TSS content of batik wastewater showed 448 mg/L, while chromium (Cr) content was 7.0 mg/L, and pH was 6,9. The value of LC-50 96 hours of batik industrial liquid waste is 0.73%, so that the treatment concentration is 0%; 0.37%; 0.46%; 0.55%; 0.64%; and 0.73%. The results showed that the scales exposed directly to batik liquid waste occurred attachment of different substances in each treatment. Treatment with the highest concentration of 0.73% shows the result of attachment of foreign substances that meet the cross section of Nila Gift fish seed scales.

The compost of inked paper and vegetable waste mixture is a result of the process of degradation of the components of lignin and cellulose. The process was activated by cellulolytic bacteria from rumen liquor. The aim of this study to know the compost quality of the inked paper and vegetable waste mixture. The content of by-products of compost studied were the levels of N, P, K, and Pb heavy metals. The composting process in this study was carried out by anaerobic. The N test used the Kjeldahl method, the P and K test used the Bray 1 method, and the Pb test used the AAS method (Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer). The data were analyzed using Manova statistical tests with LSD post hoc tests. From the observations, it was known that the addition of rumen liquor had a significant effect on the levels of P with the most optimal concentration of 50%, while for N and K levels and Pb heavy metals content was not significantly different. However, the average level of nutrient elements N (0.87% to 1.1%), P (0.2% to 0.5%) and K (0.52% to 0.58%) and Pb heavy metals (0.61ppm to 4.09 ppm) fulfill SNI 19-7030- 2004 standard.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. Tuban is one of the cultivated plants can be planted on limestone mines former because it has high adaptation to dry and alkali conditions. Biology, physics and chemistry of limestone mined land have low soil fertility. One of the efforts to improve its fertility is use an adaptive biofertilizer on the condition of the limestone former. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential use of PGPR from pioneer plants that grow on ex-limestone mines on vegetative growth of peanut (Arachys hypogaea L.) cv. Tuban in the limestone planting media. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and one control (0%) each of five replications. The results of this study indicate that based on the MANOVA test giving various concentrations of PGPR does not have a significant effect on the height and number of plant leaves. While based on correlation statistical tests have a significant correlation to leaf color. The higher the PGPR concentration is given, the more green the leaf color will be, based on the Leaf Color Chart (LCC) scale.

Environmental damage included the limestone mining process would remove the topsoil layer, reduce fertility, reduce microbial diversity and eliminate the vegetation that growth above it. Naturally, pioneer plants could grow to replace lost plants. Pioneer plants can be used as a reference for land recovery because these plants could grow on damaged land because they are associated with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). In addition, the presence of pioneer plants could inhibit soil erosion due to its root ability to hold the soil from scouring water. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the initial natural succession process, namely the pioneer post-limestone mining community. This research was conducted by purposive random sampling method at three mining locations, namely Banjaragung Village, 5 years after mine, Maibit Village, 8 years after mine, and Rengel Village, 7 years after mine. Samples were taken for each of the 10 plots of 1x1 m size. The results of this study obtained 5 types of plants with the highest INP, namely: Lamium barbatum, Chromolena odoratum, Tridax procumbens, Waltheria indica, and Digitaria sanguinalis. While the highest diversity index is in the Village of Maibit, Rengel Sub-District, Tuban Regency after 8 years post-mining, which is 2.54. ABSTRAKKerusakan lingkungan termasuk proses penambangan kapur akan menghilangkan lapisan topsoil, menurunkan kesuburan, menurunkan diversitas mikroba dan menghilangkan vegetasi yang tumbuh diatasnya. Secara alami tanaman pionir dapat tumbuh menggantikan tanaman yang hilang. Tanaman pionir dapat dijadikan acuan pemulihan lahan karena tanaman ini dapat tumbuh di lahan yang mengalami kerusakan karena berasosiasi dengan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Selain itu keberadaan tanaman pionir dapat menghambat erosi tanah karena kemampuan akarnya menahan tanah dari gerusan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakterisitik proses suksesi alami tahap awal yaitu komunitas tumbuhan pionir pasca penambangan kapur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive random sampling pada tiga lokasi penambangan yaitu Desa Banjaragung telah 5 tahun pasca tambang, Desa Maibit telah 8 tahun pasca tambang, dan Desa Rengel telah 7 tahun pasca tambang. Masingmasing lokasi diambil sampling sebanyak 10 plot dengan ukuran 1x1 m. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 5 jenis tanaman dengan INP tertinggi yaitu: Lamium barbatum, Chromolena odoratum, Tridax procumbens, Waltheria indica, dan Digitaria sanguinalis. Sedangkan indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi yaitu di Desa Maibit Kecamatan Rengel Kabupaten Tuban setelah 8 tahun pasca tambang yaitu sebesar 2,54.