For the first time is reported the development of a screen printed flexible magnetoelectric material based on P(VDF–TrFE), PVDF and CoFe2O4. The ME voltage coefficient of 164 mV cm−1 Oe−1 at a longitudinal resonance frequency of 16.2 kHz, the highest reported in the literature, certifies the use of the printed material on printed electronics, sensors, actuators, and energy harvesters.
In recent years, printed electronics reached enormous popularity as a result of their huge potential to offer unique features that are not attainable through traditional fabrication, namely low‐cost production, multifunctionality, stretchability, sustainability, and flexibility. Being expected a galloping increase in the use of printed technologies in the near future, due to the digitalization efforts associated with the Internet of Things and the 4.0 revolution, it is timely and desirable to discuss the joint features, the interrelations, the complementarities, the interdependency, and the most demanding challenges linked to the relation between printed technologies and electronic materials. In this context, this study offers a broad review of the numerous printing technologies used in the processing of electronics, commonly used substrates, the most effective printed electronic materials, and the key post‐printing treatments such as sintering. Disruptive challenges in various printing techniques, (un)expected future research directions of printed electronics, and imminent application trends are also highlighted, following a critical and subjective perspective.
The need for flexible and transparent smart materials is leading to substantial advances in principles, material combinations, and technologies. Particularly, the development of optically transparent magnetoelectric (ME) materials will open the range of applications to new directions such as transparent sensors, touch display panels, multifunctional flat panel displays, and optical magnetic coatings. In this work, a flexible and transparent ME composite is made of magnetostrictive Fe72.5Si12.5B15 microwires and piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene). The high magnetostriction of Fe72.5Si12.5B15 (35 ppm) enables superior ME voltage response (65 mV cm−1 Oe−1) obtained at the critical longitudinal magnetic field equating the transverse anisotropy (14500 A m−1) on the external shell of the microwire.
also related to the recent COVID-19 outbreak. This pandemic scenario poses significant threats to public health [1] and there is an urgent need to find robust methods to control the spread of disease in public places or hospital settings. This is important for both viruses and bacteria since COVID-19 patients have an increased risk of cross-contamination, [2] which may increase the risk of developing severe disease and thus induce a higher mortality rate.It is consensual that the spread of viruses and bacteria are mostly related to exposure to respiratory droplets. [3] Nevertheless, the infection through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects (fomites) is an increasing reality and it is still not clear the proportion of this type of transmission for a variety of bacterial infections. In fact, it has been also reported cases of COVID-19 infection potentially attributed to fomite transmission, [4] transmitted between people by touching surfaces on which an ill person has recently coughed or sneezed on. [5] Indeed, high traffic surfaces in public spaces such asThe transmission of bacterial infections through contaminated surfaces is nowadays an increasing source of concern, also related to the current pandemic situation. Functional materials that prevent the adhesion of microorganisms and/ or induce their eradication thus avoiding fomite transmission are highly needed. In this work, a highly antimicrobial hybrid with sensorial capability is developed to be further applied as interactive high traffic surface coatings. The nanocomposite is composed of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a highly stable fluorinated polymer, incorporating copper core-shell nanowires (NWs). The NWs comprised of copper and shelled with silver is highly antimicrobial, inducing a full kill effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains but biocompatible towards mammalian cells at concentrations below 0.5 mg mL −1 . Further NWs incorporation on PVDF matrix retains its antimicrobial activity reducing in 6.5 logs the E. coli and 4.5 logs the S. epidermidis. NW/PVDF composites demonstrate suitable mechanical and electrical characteristics for the development of capacitive sensing surfaces, allowing for the fabrication of an antimicrobial capacitive touch sensing matrix for interactive surfaces.
Counterfeiting is a global ever‐growing problem of immense magnitude that represents a menace to security, economy, and health at a worldwide level. Herein, a new luminescent security ink composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and the home‐made ionic liquid (IL) 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetra(thenoyltrifluoroacetonato)europate(III) ([Bmim][Eu(tta)4]) is reported. The optimized PVDF/[Bmim][Eu(tta)4] composite is processed by the doctor blade method as a micrometer‐thick film invisible under white light, with porous texture. The material exhibits high thermal stability, high chemical stability (inertness with respect to ethanol), high photostability, and intense red emission when excited with long UV radiation (365 nm) with a maximum quantum yield value of 0.10 ± 0.01. A test of the PVDF/[Bmim][Eu(tta)4] ink screen‐printed on a medical N95 protection mask performed under irradiation with white light and with a commercial 365 nm LED demonstrates its suitability to combat fraud. The exciting possibilities offered by PVDF/luminescent IL pair in terms of chemical modification of PVDF (copolymerization or functionalization) and IL (cation type/lanthanide ion/ligand type) for the tuning of the ink properties allow envisaging the production of tailor‐made tri‐ or biluminescent security inks, for authentication purposes.
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