A szabadföldi kisparcellás nehézfém terhelési tartamkísérlet beállítására 1994 őszén a Károly Róbert Főiskola Tass-pusztai Tangazdaságában (ma Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem, Károly Róbert Campus) került sor csernozjom barna erdőtajon. A növényi cink- és rézfelvétel vizsgálata 1996, 2001, 2002 években  történt, ekkor a növények és a talaj Cu- és Zn-tartalma is meghatározásra került. A vizsgált években a jelzőnövény a kukorica (Zea mays L.), az őszi árpa (Hordeum vulgare L.), a fehér mustár (Sinapis alba L.) és a lucerna (Medicago sativa L.) volt. A növények Cu és Zn felvételét a talaj-növény transzfer koefficiensek meghatározásával értékeltük. A vizsgált nehézfémek talaj-növény transzfer koefficiensének ismeretében lehetőség van annak vizsgálatára is, hogy az „oldható” (NH4-acetát+EDTA) elemtartalom mennyiben felel meg a tényleges növényi elemfelvételnek. Ehhez meghatároztuk az egyes nehézfémek megoszlási arányának értékeit a talaj „oldható” és „összes” (cc.HNO3+cc.H2O2) elemtartalmának hányadosaként. A talaj-növény transzfer koefficiensek értékei alapján a cink mobilisabbnak mutatkozott a réznél. A cink megoszlási aránya a transzfer koefficiens értékének átlagosan 1/5-e volt. Ez azt mutatja, hogy cinkből a talajnak vannak olyan, a növények számára felvehető tartalékai, amelyek Lakanen-Erviö (1971) módszerérel nem mutathatók ki. A réz esetén a megoszlási arány és a talaj-növény transzfer koefficiens értéke nem mutatott jelentős eltérést.

The experiments were set up in large parcels at the Fleischmann Rudolf Research Institute of Eszterházy Károly University located in Kompolt. We carried out measurements by using a Penetronik penetrometer (electrical soil cone penetrometer) at the experimental site, where brown grassland soil as well as clay washed brown forest soil are the typical soil types. The device used primarily serves to investigate the physical and water management properties of soils suitable for agricultural cultivation. The instrument is a hand-operated tool for registering soil mechanical resistance in Newtons (0-1000 N) and also the moisture content of the topsoil (%) at the same time. The recording of the location of the measurement is made by the built-in GPS, and the results of the measurements are saved to the SD card of the device. The device’s data acquisition unit allows direct reading of measurement results, serial measurements and computer processing of results (0-70 cm). Taking our objectives into consideration, we defined the location of measuring points with various numbers according to the properties of the examined fields. Besides designating measuring points at a distance of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 m from the edge of the fields, we designated two more in the middle of each field in all cases. The examined crop species included sand oats (Avena strigosa), baltacim (Onobrychis viciifolia) as well as common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) with oats as a companion crop. Summing up the measurement results, we have made the following statements: Low soil resistance (127-131 N) was experienced after soil loosening and oat-vetch with higher, well-preserved soil moisture content observed at each level, where the 50% moisture content of the soil started at the layer of 27 cm depth. Moderate soil resistance values (150-168 N) were manifested in the case of soil tillage with loosening and ploughing after sand oats. In this case, the 50 % soil moisture content was observed at the layer of 38 cm depth. Higher soil resistance values were found (171-196 N) in the case of 2 and 3-year-old crops of baltacim, respectively, where the 50 % soil moisture content was recorded from the layer of 58 cm depth. Based on the results, we consider it important to develop and improve soil tillage systems

Our study aimed at to test the effects of two different plant conditioners on some morphological parameters, yield and grain quality of winter wheat (Babona) in a field experiment with medium plots, and to investigate some physiological parameters closely related to yield quantity and quality at the beginning of ear emergence by in vivo field measurements. At the beginning of ear emergence we determined the relative chlorophyll content of leaves (SPAD value), moreover leaf reflectance was measured with a portable spectroradiometer to produce spectral vegetation indices that can be used to evaluate the effects of treatments on chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin and water content of leaves, and to infer photochemical efficiency and stress sensitivity. The results were strongly influenced by the unfavourable rainfall distribution during the growing season. Precipitation deficit in spring significantly reduced the development of the crop stand (yield was below the national and county levels), and its effect was also observable in quality parameters (low raw protein and gluten content), but the positive effect of treatment 1 was detectable: higher yield and quality, higher plant height and ear length compared to the control. At the beginning of ear emergence, some spectral vegetation indices indicated the positive effect of treatment 1 despite the drought: chlorophyll content and photochemical activity of leaves were higher, and higher stress sensitivity and protective pigment concentration in the control.