The authors are developing the Behavior Observation Scale to objectively differentiate autistic, normal, and mentally retarded children aged 30--60 months. They describe operational definitions and procedures and report data on the frequency of selected behaviors among 114 children. Prior studies have revealed that to assess the clinical significance of behaviors in autistic children, both frequency of occurrence per subject and the number of children exhibiting the behaviors must be considered concurrently. This study confirms the hypothesis that it is critical to consider the IQ of the child when assessing the clinical significance of individual behaviors and groups of behaviors.
SUMMARY Fenfluramine was administered to eight autistic outpatients in a double‐blind study to determine its effects on symptomatic behavior, developmental scores, blood serotonin levels and platelet counts. Two children benefited substantially according to academic and cognitive tests, parental and teacher reports and the principal investigator's clinical impressions. They also manifested behavioral and mood swings. The remaining six children showed varying degrees of response; one was withdrawn during the study by his parents. The greatest improvement occurred in children with an IQ above 40; the more severely retarded improved little, and primarily in the motor sphere. RÉSUMÉ Effets de la fenfluramine sur huit enfants autistiques La fenfluramine a été administerée a huit enfants autistiques vivant à domicile dans une étude en double aveugle pour déterminer les effets du produit sur le comportement symptomatique, les scores de développement, les taux de la sérotonine sanguine et le nombre de plaquettes. Deux enfants ont bénéficié significativement du traitement selon les tests scolaires et cognitifs, les rapports des parents et des professeurs, et les impressions cliniques du conducteur de I'étude. IIs ont montréégalement des variations de comportement et d'humeur. Les réponses furent varites chez les six autres enfants; l'un avait été retiré de I'ttude par ses parents. Les améliorations les plus marquées ont été observtes chez les enfants avec un QI de plus de 40; l'ameAlioration a été prédominante dans la sphére motrice pour les enfants présentant le retard mental le plus sévére. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Wirkung von Fenfluramin bei acht ambulanten Patienten mit autistischem Syndrom Im Rahmen einer Doppelblindstudie wurden acht ambulante autistische Patienten mit Fenfluramin behandelt um festzustellen, welche Wirkung es auf das charakteristische Verhalten, die Entwicklungsscores, die Serotoninspiegel im Blut und die Thrombocytenzahlen hat. Zwei Kinder zeigten eine deutliche Besserung, was durch akademische und cognitive Tests, durch Berichte von Eltern und Lehrern und durch die klinischen Befunde des ersten Untersuchers belegt wurde. AuBerdem zeigten sie Verhaltens– und Stimmungswandlungen. Die restlichen sechs Kinder reagierten unterschiedlich; eins wurde wahrend der Studie von den Eltern herausgenommen. Die deutlichste Besserung wurde bei Kindern mit einem IQ iiber 40 festgestellt; die schwerer retardierten besserten sich hauptsachlich im motorischen Bereich. RESUMEN Efectos de la fenfluramina en ocho pacientes con autismo Se administerô Fenfluramina a ocho pacientes autisticos en vista de dispensario en un estudio doble ciego para determinar sus efectos sobre el comportamiento sintomitico, los puntajes de desarrollo, los niveles en sangre de serotonina y el contaje de plaquetas. Dos niños mejoraron de acuerdo con los tests cognitivos y académicos, los comentarios de los padres y de los maestros y las principales impresiones clinicas del investigador. Tambitn manifestaron vaivenes en el comportamiento y en el ...
The Wechsler Intelligence Scales, Wide Range Achievement Test, and the Shipley-Hartford Test were administered to 122 parents and 153 siblings of 62 autistic probands in Utah. Scores were distributed as expected within the published normative ranges for each scale. Parents' scores correlated with those of their nonautistic children, but neither parents' nor siblings' scores correlated with the IQ level of the autistic probands. These results do not confirm prior reports from England and the United States of a high rate of cognitive and learning problems in the siblings of autistic individuals, nor the aggregation of such problems in the siblings of probands with high or low levels of cognitive function.
Magnetic resonance imaging did not diagnose neuropathology in 15 autistic patients. Measurements of the midsagittal area and volume of the fourth ventricle did not differ between these patients and matched control subjects.
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