Tanaman kelapa (Cocos nucifera) merupakan salah satu tanaman agroindustri yang sangat berpotensial di Indonesia karena kandungan nutrisinya. Masyarakat Indonesia banyak yang memanfaatkan buah dari tanaman kelapa salah satunya sebagai bahan baku pembuatan santan. Santan didapat dari ekstrak daging buah kelapa tua yang telah diparut, baik dengan penambahan atau tanpa air, cairan santan berwarna putih ini merupakan emulsi minyak dan air. Selama produksi, santan perlu mengalami pretreatment homogen geser berkecepatan tinggi. Umumnya, jenis perlakuan awal ini dapat meningkatkan stabilitas emulsi pada santan. Hal tersebut perlu dilakukan karena sistem emulsi santan sangat mudah tidak stabil setelah pencairan. Suhu pretreatment pada daging buah kelapa menjadi faktor utama yang memberikan pengaruh terhadap kualitas mutu santan kelapa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perubahan kualitas mutu santan kelapa setelah dilakukan pretreatment penyimpanan daging buah kelapa sebelum diparut dan diperas menjadi santan. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tahapan meliputi persiapan alat dan bahan, pembuatan santan kelapa yang dimulai dengan pembersihan kelapa, kemudian pemberian pretreatment daging buah kelapa dengan 3 perlakuan penyimpanan. Karakteristik kimia santan kelapa terbaik diperoleh dengan pretreatment penyimpanan pada suhu (-16 °C ± 2 °C) dengan nilai Kadar Protein (3,263%), Kadar Lemak (55,87%), Asam Lemak Bebas (0,15%), dan Stabilitas Emulsi (88,38%).

Coconut plant (Cocos nucifera) is one of the potential industrial plants and has an important role both in terms of nutrition and in terms of economy in Indonesia. The number of coconut plants in Indonesia is used by the community, one of which is as a raw material for making coconut milk. Coconut milk is obtained from the extract of old coconut flesh that has been grated, either with the addition or without water, this white coconut milk liquid is an emulsion of oil and water. Coconut milk contains 230 kilocalories and consists of 67.5% water, 23.8% total fat, 5.54% carbohydrates, 2.29% protein and 0.70% ash. During production, coconut milk needs to undergo pretreatment homogeneous high-speed shear. Generally, this type of pretreatment can improve the emulsion stability in coconut milk. This needs to be done because the coconut milk emulsion system is very easily unstable after thawing. Temperature pretreatmentin coconut flesh is the main factor that influences the quality of the coconut milk produced. This study was conducted to analyze changes in the quality of coconut milk after it was done pretreatment storage of coconut flesh before being grated and squeezed into coconut milk and knowing the temperature pretreatment the most appropriate method to obtain the best quality coconut milk by using the Multiple Attribute Zeleny. The research was carried out in stages including the preparation of tools and materials, making coconut milk starting with cleaning the coconut, then giving pretreatment coconut flesh with 3 storage treatments using cold temperatures (6°C ± 2°C) and freezing temperatures (-16°C ± 2°C) stored for 24 hours and room temperature (27°C ± 2°C) without storage time. Then the coconut flesh is grated and the coconut milk is squeezed and continued with testing the quality parameters of coconut milk. The best treatment in the manufacture of coconut milk is to use pretreatment at freezing temperatures (-16°C ± 2°C) which is stored for 24 hours with the quality of coconut milk in the form of 22% yield, 30.59% water content, pH 6.27, and Viscosity 86.70 cP.

The purpose of this article is to determine the content of lactic acid bacteria in a probiotic beverage (Yakult) with a starter fermentation of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain and to find out its benefits for digestion. In this study, the library research method was used by obtaining data and materials from journals. The author tries to describe the content of lactic acid bacteria “L. casei Shirota strain” in Yakult and its benefits for the digestive system. The results showed that the levels of L. casei Shirota strain in fermented milk were 1.27-1.70% with an average of 1.42%. In the Indonesian National Standard 01-2891-2009, the lactic acid bacteria content of L. casei Shirota in fermented milk was 0.5-2.0%. L. casei Shirota can produce lactic acid and acetic acid, so that, it can decrease intestinal pH and prevent pathogens bacteria’s growth. Probiotic beverage from fermented milk using L. casei is beneficial for consumption for its ability in inhibiting the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, help the absorption of vitamins and antioxidants, eliminate toxic components contained in food, as well as producing several vitamins through the synthesis of digestive enzymes.