Resumo Os diferentes modelos de assistência ao parto e a escolha pela realização de cesáreas ou parto vaginal há tempos são debatidos no Brasil e no mundo. A complexidade dos fatores que cercam o tipo de parto escolhido e sua assistência tem suscitado questionamentos que vão desde a qualidade da atenção obstétrica até o significado da parturição para as mulheres. Assim, a nova proposta do Ministério da Saúde (MS), de humanização na atenção ao parto estabelecendo mudanças em relação ao acesso, assistência, qualidade e resolutividade, tem por objetivo tornar a experiência da gestação mais humanizada e menos tecnicista. O Hospital Sofia Feldman, em Belo Horizonte (MG), é tido como referência pelas boas práticas nessa área, de acordo com a Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar. Para que a humanização do cuidado gestacional se torne uma realidade nacional ainda existem muitos desafios a serem superados dentro dos sistemas de saúde, como problemas, sobretudo quanto ao sistema de formação educacional, o qual continua a preparar profissionais de saúde dentro do modelo intervencionista, focado na figura do médico. O presente estudo tem por objetivo fornecer um panorama acerca das diferentes práticas assistenciais humanizadas, voltadas à gestação e ao parto, realizadas nas regiões sul e sudeste do Brasil.

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The inhibitor cystine-knot motif identified in the structure of CSTX-1 from Cupiennius salei venom suggests that this toxin may act as a blocker of ion channels. Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments performed on cockroach neurons revealed that CSTX-1 produced a slow voltage-independent block of both mid/low- (M-LVA) and high-voltage-activated (HVA) insect Ca(v) channels. Since C. salei venom affects both insect as well as rodent species, we investigated whether Ca(v) channel currents of rat neurons are also inhibited by CSTX-1. CSTX-1 blocked rat neuronal L-type, but no other types of HVA Ca(v) channels, and failed to modulate LVA Ca(v) channel currents. Using neuroendocrine GH3 and GH4 cells, CSTX-1 produced a rapid voltage-independent block of L-type Ca(v) channel currents. The concentration-response curve was biphasic in GH4 neurons and the subnanomolar IC(50) values were at least 1000-fold lower than in GH3 cells. L-type Ca(v) channel currents of skeletal muscle myoballs and other voltage-gated ion currents of rat neurons, such as I(Na(v)) or I(K(v)) were not affected by CSTX-1. The high potency and selectivity of CSTX-1 for a subset of L-type channels in mammalian neurons may enable the toxin to be used as a molecular tool for the investigation of this family of Ca(v) channels.

1 The aim of this work was to study the effects of N-salicyloyltryptamine (STP), a novel anticonvulsant agent, on voltage-gated ion channels in GH3 cells. 2 In this study, we show that STP at 17 mM inhibited up to 59.2710.4% of the I to and 73.178.56% of the I KD K þ currents in GH3 cells. Moreover, the inhibitory activity of the drug STP on K þ currents was dose-dependent (IC 50 ¼ 34.678.14 mM for I to ) and partially reversible after washing off. 3 Repeated stimulation at 1 Hz (STP at 17 mM) led to the total disappearance of I to current, and an enhancement of I KD . 4 In the cell-attached configuration, application of STP to the bath increased the open probability of large-conductance Ca 2 þ -activated K þ channels. 5 STP at 17 mM inhibited the L-type Ca 2 þ current by 54.977.50% without any significant changes in the voltage dependence. 6 STP at 170 mM inhibited the TTX-sensitive Na þ current by 22.172.41%. At a lower concentration (17 mM), no effect on I Na was observed. 7 The pharmacological profile described here might contribute to the neuroprotective effect exerted by this compound in experimental 'in vivo' models.

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