OBJETIVO: Determinar las ventajas del parto vertical frente al parto horizontal. DISEÑO: Estudio observacional, comparativo y transversal. LUGAR: Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, EsSalud, Lima, Perú. PARTICIPANTES: Gestantes que tuvieron parto vertical o parto horizontal. INTERVENCIONES: Entre junio 2006 y junio 2007 se estudió 160 parturientas, 80 de las cuales tuvieron parto vertical (PV) y 80, parto horizontal (PH). PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADOS: Tiempo de expulsivo, volumen de sangrado uterino, necesidad de episiotomía, complicaciones, percepción de la madre. RESULTADOS: El tiempo de expulsivo fue menor para el parto vertical frente al parto horizontal (11,39 min y 19,48 min, respectivamente). El volumen de sangrado promedio fue similar en ambos grupos (300 mL y 296,74 mL). Considerando el uso y el no uso de oxitocina posparto, se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el volumen de sangrado, siendo mayor cuando no se usó oxitocina. La maniobra de Kristeller casi fue innecesaria para el parto vertical (1,3%), mientras fue realizada en 16 pacientes con parto horizontal (20%). Se requirió la episiotomía con menor frecuencia para el parto vertical que para el parto horizontal (26,5% vs. 56,3%). Se necesitó instrumentación del parto en solo dos casos de parto horizontal (1 vacuum, 1 fórceps de salida). Se presentó un hematoma vaginal y una hemorragia posparto, para el parto horizontal, sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Hubo más desgarros vaginales en el grupo de parto vertical (en quienes no se realizó episiotomía), pero de poca profundidad (83% vs. 60%). Respecto a la percepción de la madre sobre el parto vertical, este fue percibido como más rápido, más cómodo y menos doloroso; la mayoría de las mujeres con parto vertical tuvo la satisfacción de ver la salida de su bebé (96,3% vs. 42,5%) y la mayoría de la mujeres de ambos grupos recomendaría el parto vertical (81,9% de las 160 mujeres). Conclusiones: El parto vertical ofrece ventajas significativas frente al parto horizontal, ofreciéndole a la parturienta un expulsivo más corto, menos doloroso, más cómodo y más satisfactorio.
Se presenta un caso de embarazo heterotópico espontáneo, intrauterino y ovárico, atendido en la Clínica Santa Isabel de Lima. Paciente de 35 años de edad que acudió por retraso menstrual, sangrado vaginal escaso y prueba de embarazo positiva. La ecografía endovaginal mostró pequeño saco gestacional, con ausencia de ecos embrionarios. Se realizó legrado uterino el 01/11/2006, obteniéndose vellosidades con degeneración hidrópica no molar, en el examen histológico. Diez días después se realizó control ecográfico, por sangrado vaginal persistente y dolor abdominal, encontrándose una tumoración mixta en el ovario izquierdo, con una pequeña imagen ecolúcida en su interior. Se realizó laparotomía exploratoria, siendo el hallazgo hemoperitoneo de 200 mL y tumoración retrouterina alargada de color violáceo, friable, dependiente de ovario izquierdo, compatible con embarazo ectópico ovárico.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of volume NT TM , a new technique that automatically archives mid-sagittal plane views and measures the maximum NT (Nuchal Translucency) distance, by comparing NT measurements with the conventional two (2D) and three dimensional (3D) techniques. Methods: The study population consisted of 100 consecutive singleton undergoing NT screening at 11-13 +6 weeks gestation. Fetuses with enlarged NT and multiple anomalies were excluded. Volume NT TM , 2D and 3D techniques were performed with Accuvix V20 Prestige (Samsung Medison Co).Four experienced operators participated in this study. Each operator manually measured the NT according to Herman score, FMF (Fetal Medecine Foundation) and with in to in assessment. Then through an approximated mid-sagittal section determined by conventional B-mode ultrasound, the operator obtained an NT automatically using Volume NT™ software.One less experienced operator blinded to 2D and 3D measurements of experts examined archive images of patients and obtained automatic measurement of the NT with Volume NT™ from in to in of the two echogenic lines delineating the NT. Results: Among the 100 cases initially included in this study, 24 cases were excluded from analysis because of exclusion criteria (NT increased and multiple abnormalities n = 6) or missing data (n = 18). Median measure of 2D NT (1.3 mm (0.7 to 3.4)) was higher than in 3D (1.2 mm (0.6 to 3)) without significant difference, probably due to ''In to In'' assessment. 25 cases of 2D NT measurements were associated with a low Herman score (<6). 23 of these 25 cases were associated with better Herman score (≥6) using Volume NT and even those measured by the least experienced operator (p = 0.035). Conclusions: Volume NTTM helps to improve Herman score, whenever 2D NT assessment is difficult to get, by obtaining a better sagittal plane, even in the hands of a less experienced operator. Objectives: To assess whether an increased hepatic artery flow during the first trimester is associated with Trisomy 21 or other adverse outcomes in high-risk for aneuploidy fetuses. Methods: In our centre, 160 first trimester consecutive fetuses at high risk for aneuploidy were scanned before CVS. CRL, NT and DV-PIV were measured and the presence of an increased flow in the hepatic artery, defined as a high velocity flow observed by colour Doppler at the time of the DV assessment. EP06.03Results: There were 15 (9%) fetuses with an increased hepatic artery flow. Among these, there were 2 trisomies 21, 4 fetuses with reversed A-wave at the DV; 6 fetuses with enlarged NT > p99 (5 with normal array-CGH); and in 6 cases with structural anomalies or an adverse outcome. The rates of increased hepatic flow among the previous conditions are: 17%, 27%, 40% and 40% respectively. Conclusions: Increased hepatic artery flow can be easily observed at the time of the DV assessment at the first trimester scan and when present there is a high risk of poor fetal outcome. Large prospective studies are ne...
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