Objective: To describe the socioeconomic, behavioral, clinical, and health-related characteristics of Brazilian older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed. This nationwide survey interviewed 9,412 adults aged at least 50 years. Self-reported medical diagnosis of AD and exposure variables (sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, and health-related) were assessed by face-to-face questionnaire-based interview. Multivariate analyses accounted for possible confounding factors, and values were reported in prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: Participants with AD have important demographic differences compared with older non-AD participants such as low education level and retirement. Clinically, these patients reported more medical appointments, falls, and higher frequency and duration of hospitalizations compared with non-AD participants. These characteristics may be related to worse physical and mental health observed in this population. Indeed, two out of five older adults with AD in Brazil reported always feeling lonely, while two out of three said they felt depressed or sad much of the time. Adjusted analyses showed that patients with AD were 95% (95%CI 1.08 – 3.50) more likely to be hospitalized in a year compared with non-AD older adults. People with AD in Brazil were more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes (PR = 1.83 [95%CI 1.08 – 3.12]), depression (PR = 3.07% [95%CI 1.63 – 5.79]), Parkinson's disease (PR = 17.63 [95%CI 6.99 – 44.51]), and stroke (PR = 3.55 [95%CI 1.90 – 6.67]) compared with non-AD participants. Conclusion: Older adults with AD in Brazil reported impaired physical and mental health compared with the non-AD population.

Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of intradialytic aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction, without blood flow restriction (conventional) and no exercise (control) on muscle strength and walking endurance among chronic kidney disease patients. Design: Open label and parallel group randomized controlled trial. Subjects: Adult patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Intervention: A 12-week intradialytic training with or without blood flow restriction compared with a control group. Main measures: Strength and walking endurance were measured using thoracolumbar dynamometry and a 6-minute walk test, respectively, before and after training. Results: A total of 66 patients were randomized into three groups: blood flow restriction group ( n = 22), conventional exercise group ( n = 22) and control group ( n = 22). There were seven dropouts, and 59 patients were included in the analysis. There was a significant increase in the 6-minute walking distance in the blood flow restriction group (from 412.7 (115.9) to 483.0 (131.0) m, P = 0.007) in comparison with the conventional exercise group (from 426.79 (115.00) to 433.2 (120.42) m, not significant) and the control group (from 428.4 (108.1) to 417.3 (100.2) m, not significant). The change in the walking distance over time was significantly different among groups (intervention group/time, P = 0.02). The simple effects test found a significant time effect only in the blood flow restriction group. There was no significant difference in strength change between the groups. Conclusion: Among chronic kidney disease patients, intradialytic exercise of low/moderate intensity with blood flow restriction was more effective in improving walking endurance than conventional exercise or no exercise.

No abstract

Nível de atividade física de coletores de lixo de duas cidades de porte médio do sul do Brasil Physical activity level of garbage collectors from two medium-sized cities in southern BrazilRodrigo Kohn Cardoso Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi verificar os níveis de atividade física (AF) total e nos diferentes domí-nios de coletores de lixo. Este estudo caracterizou-se como observacional descritivo e do tipo censo. A população foi composta por todos os coletores de lixo das cidades de Pelotas e Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário contendo questões relativas a variáveis sociodemográficas, econômica, nutricional e comportamentais. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado através do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física, IPAQ -versão longa. Foi realizada a análise univariada de todas as variáveis coletadas, com cálculo das medidas de tendência central e dispersão para as variáveis contínuas e proporções para as variáveis categóricas. Foram entrevistados todos os 127 coletores de lixo, sendo que a média de AF total relatada pelos trabalhadores foi de 4292,0 minutos por semana (DP 1034,2). Quando verificada a AF ocupacional, o escore médio encontrado foi de 3853,0 minutos por semana (DP 583,4). Os demais domínios, deslocamento, lazer e doméstico, apresentaram médias de AF semanal respectivamente de, 257,9 (DP 237,5), 77,6 (DP 111,5) e 103,5 (DP 101,8) minutos. Concluiu-se que os coletores de lixo estavam expostos a uma carga de AF total e ocupacional extremamente elevadas, podendo haver prejuízo significativo para a saúde se não forem adotadas medidas adequadas de nutrição e recuperação física. Palavras-chaveEpidemiologia, Trabalhadores, Saúde ocupacional, Lixo. AbstractThe aim of the present study was to verify levels of total physical activity (PA) domains, commuting, leisure and domestic had, respectively, means of 257.9 (SD 237.5), 77.6 (SD 111.5) and 103.5 (SD 101.8)

No abstract