Purpose This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the following questions: How can the digital transition improve the management of the operation and maintenance of infrastructure in health-care facilities? What is the legacy for facility management (FM) teams in this post-COVID-19 management of hospital buildings? Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review, this paper analyses and categorises existing research on the digital challenges for FM from 2011 until 2021 by conducting a qualitative and quantitative method of bibliometric analysis and discussing the status of digital transition impact on FM of the hospital buildings. Findings The trends and challenges of building information modelling, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things identified and discussed in this paper aim to be as comprehensive as possible to grasp the situation of digital transition in the FM industry in the hospital buildings context. Regarding digital maturity, the limited number of publications highlights that control and management systems cannot fully manage the entire operational phase of hospital buildings. Giving intelligence to buildings will undoubtedly be the future. So making buildings reactive, interactive and immersive is an inevitable transformation for intelligent hospital building systems. Thus, the added value of digitalisation will help facility managers to overcome the issues pointed out in this paper to deal with the growing health demands and enable them to mitigate the impacts of a new and future pandemic. Originality/value The novelty of this paper is classifying and unifying facility managers' tendencies regarding high-level information management issues, which are lacking in the literature, with a focus on the approaches with potential and higher impact on FM in the hospital building context and the related steps that should be considered regarding data collection and data structures. These tendencies provide a set of new intelligent approaches and tools, which will increase the efficiency of processes, significantly impacting the potential of optimisation. Also, these trends can improve planning and management of scope, costs, environment and safety in the value chain of projects and assets, thus creating a more resilient and sustainable industry for facility managers in this post-COVID-19 management for hospital buildings.

Throughout the operation and maintenance (O&M) stage, facility management (FM) teams collect and process data from different sources, often needing to be adequately considered when making future decisions. This data could feed statistical models based on artificial intelligence (AI), thus improving decision-making in FM. Building information modeling (BIM) appears in this context, leveraging how data and information are systematized, enabling structured information and its use. This article addresses the state-of-the-art of using AI techniques applied to FM in the BIM context, analyzing articles between 2012 and 2021 related to this area. It is interesting to note that only from 2018 onwards, there is a substantial increase in these publications, from about 8 publications (2012 to 2017) to 24 publications (2018 to 2021) on average. This growth shows the progressive application of the optimization methods mentioned above, which opens new opportunities for the FM profession. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by highlighting the investigated tendency and gaps in critical areas and their relationship with the research topic. Noteworthy future directions are suggested, directing on (i) data and system integration; (ii) predictive models; (iii) automatic as-built/classification; (iv) internet of things; (v) energy management; and (vi) augmented/virtual reality.

As buildings have various subsystems and numerous components, managing them is challenging. The management of buildings should be efficient during their life cycle, with a sustainable way of considering the new challenges of the Europe Union (EU): resilience and digital transition. Facility management (FM) contributes to achieving these goals, involving multidisciplinary activities and relying on different technologies. The recent concern about an effective digital transition in FM offers an excellent opportunity to improve facility information management in existing buildings through robust data analysis, machine learning, and simulation tools, such as interoperable building information modelling (BIM) platforms. Within this scenario, gathering and structuring in-service information for FM is crucial to boost digital transition in buildings management. This paper discusses the approaches with potential and higher impact in FM and the related steps that should be considered regarding product data template, data collection, and optimisation models.

A Gestão de Instalações ou Facility management (FM) é uma atividade profissional que contribui para a manutenção, melhoria e adequação dos edifícios em condições de uso, envolvendo atividades multidisciplinares e contando com diferentes tecnologias para promover um ambiente produtivo que suporte os objetivos primordiais da organização. Além disso, vários sistemas específicos carregam as informações do FM. Com o aparecimento dos edifícios inteligentes, que incorporam a maioria dos espaços com objetos inteligentes, o Building Information Modelling (BIM) tem proporcionado aos gestores uma melhoria na qualidade das operações a custos mais baixos e num tempo mais reduzido, permitindo a troca de informações entre os diversos stakeholders envolvidos. No entanto, um dos maiores desafios para a adoção da abordagem BIM é garantir uma troca de informação eficiente e robusta. Ademais, devido ao elevado número de dados gerados ao longo do ciclo de vida de um ativo, é crucial fornecer consistência de troca de informação, rastreabilidade e um repositório a longo prazo, de modo a que as soluções atuais devam incluir a integração de dados de sistemas FM e BIM. Assim, a interoperabilidade e a integração automática são os principais motivos de problemas durante o ciclo de vida de um ativo, assim como a assimetria de informação e a fragmentação de dados. Para isso, modelos de dados de padrão aberto melhoram essa integração entre modelos BIM e os sistemas FM. Este artigo discute abordagens convencionais com potencial e maior impacto na integração de dados FM e seus benefícios e deficiências.

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