ABSTRAK Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit yang terjadi karena kelenjar pankreas tidak dapat memproduksi insulin secara efektif dan tubuh tidak dapat menggunakan secara efektif, proporsi Diabetes Melitus wilayah Kecamatan Gambir sejumlah 12,15% tahun 2017 dan terdapat kasus baru DM tipe 2 dengan total 221 penderita tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian analitik kuantitatif Cross Sectional dengan tujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Diabetes Melitus tipe 2. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang diambil di Posbindu Mawar Kuning Gambir, dilaksanakan Februari-mei 2019, sampel 91 orang. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner dengan metode wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan chie square. Hasil univariat terbanyak, responden yang mengalami Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 sebanyak 30,8%, karakteristik responden usia > 45 tahun 74,7%, jenis kelamin perempuan 75,8%, tidak merokok 72,5%, aktif aktivitas fisik 60,4%, tidak ada riwayat DM 73,6%, dan ada riwayat hipertensi 58,2%. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan variabel ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian DM tipe 2 yaitu usia (p value = 0,017), aktivitas fisik (p value = 0,000),riwayat DM (p value = 0,000), dan riwayat hipertensi (p value = 0,004). Sedangkan variabel tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian DM tipe 2 yaitu, jenis kelamin (p value = 0,359) dan Merokok (p value = 0,153). Berdasarkan penelitian disarankan pelayanan kesehatan melakukan edukasi masyarakat tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya DM tipe 2 dan melakukan skrining secara aktif untuk mencegah terjadinya DM tipe 2. Kata kunci : Posbindu Mawar Kuning, Diabetes Melitus, Faktor Risiko, Jakarta Pusat
Demam merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terjadi kenaikan suhu di atas normal. Pengobatan demam biasanya menggunakan obat-obatan sintesis yang memungkinkan terjadinya resistensi. Untuk mencegah hal itu para peneliti mulai mencari kandidat senyawa obat antipiretik baru yang berasal dari bahan alam yang telah terbukti secara ilmiah memiliki aktivitas antipiretik. Beberapa senyawa aktif yang berhasil di isolasi dari berbagai tumbuhan diantaranya kurkumin, quercetin, kaempferol, piperin, asam betulinat, andrographolide dan catechin telah teruji secara ilmiah memiliki aktivitas antipiretik dengan mekanisme kerja yang berbeda-beda.
Image and treatment quality of radiotherapy are influenced by the position of beam spot, therefore it is important to know the position of the beam spot. Beam spot position measured by the corotational penumbra modulation (CPM) and the image center shift (ICS). The CPM method uses a cylindrical ion chamber that rotate with collimator angle. The position of ion chamber, jaws, central axis are fixed to collimator angle. The signal measured to half blocked field 10x20 cm2 for every 30° collimator angle. The beam spot calculated from signal measurement results. The ICS method uses two radiopaque rings with 8.5 cm diameter. Both of rings are placed at different heights of 64.5 cm and 150 cm SSD. Image acquired by varying both collimator and couch angle for every 30° and the beam spot position calculated by measuring the shift of rings centre. Measurement also performed using ball bearing test. Beam spot shift values from the CAOR using CPM and ICS measurements are closely similar, in the range of 0.05-0.65 mm and 0-0.53 mm respectively. The measurement using CPM and ICS methods can be used for routine quality assurance (QA) to ensure that the beam spot position still in tolerance.
Persahabatan Central Hospital has served radiotherapy treatment for cancer patients using linac, Elekta Precise and XiO treatment planning system (TPS) since May 2017. This study collected 91 breast cancer patients treated from May 2017 until January 2019. Most patients were preceded by surgery either mammae radical mastectomy (MRM) (83.5%) or breast conservative surgery (BCS) (16.5%). Conformal treatment planning generally performed with 2 tangential fields and most included oblique fields for treating axillary lymph nodes. Percentage of patients with clinical tumor volumes >400 cm3 was 29%, in the range of 200-400 cm3 was 36%, and the rest was <200 cm3. The lung volume irradiated with dose ≥20 Gy was used as one of parameters for treatment optimization. The mrm patient number with lung volume irradiated >30% was 9 persons (11.8%), in the range of 20-30% was 65 persons (85.5%), and <20% was 2 persons (2.6%). For the bcs patients, the number followed these criteria with lung volume of 20-30% was 13 persons (86.7%), and <20% was 2 persons (13.3%). Most breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy were advanced stage preceded by mrm, treatment planning was difficult for achieving lung volume <30% that irradiated with the dose ≥20 Gy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.