The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high, at 305 per 100,000 live births. Several studies indicated maternal financial burden as one of the dimensions of access that influence a pregnant woman's ability to receive adequate, high-quality medical care. This study aims to identify the association between the use of Indonesia's national health insurance (JKN) and out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures in accessing delivery services, using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5. In addition, this study also investigated the relationship of JKN and the potential reduction of catastrophic delivery expenditures (CDEs) for delivery services. The results show that JKN was associated with reduced OOP expenditures for delivery as well as reduced risk of incurring CDE. However, some OOP expenditure for cost of delivery services still exists among mothers who used JKN during delivery, potentially due to factors such as medicine stock availability and inpatient care shortages.
Abstrak
Psikosis adalah gangguan jiwa yang memiliki prevalensi kecil dibandingkan gangguan jiwa lainnya tetapi mempunyai beban penyakit yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk memperoleh prevalensi psikosis pada penduduk Indonesia secara nasional, per provinsi dan melihat sebaran psikosis antara perkotaan, perdesaan berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Analisis ini merupakan analisis lanjut Riskesdas dilaksanakan di 34 provinsi, 514 kabupaten/kota pada bulan Juli 2018. Jumlah blok sensus 29.824 dengan respon rate 99,41%, jumlah rumah tangga dikunjungi dan diwawancara 282.654 dengan respon rate 95,58%. Enumerator bertanya kepada kepala keluarga atau yang mewakilinya mengenai adakah anggota rumah tangga (ART) di rumah tersebut yang pernah atau sedang mengalami gangguan jiwa psikosis dan berapa banyak jumlahnya. Analisis dilakukan dengan perangkat statistik SPSS versi 22 dengan metode complex sample. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, didapatkan estimasi prevalensi orang yang pernah menderita psikosis di Indonesia sebesar 1,8 per 1000 penduduk. Prevalensi antar provinsi berkisar 0.9 sampai 3.5 per 1000 penduduk. Prevalensi psikosis lebih tinggi di perdesaan dibandingkan di perkotaan (p=0,099).
Kata kunci: Riskesdas 2018, psikosis, prevalensi
Abstract
Psychosis is a mental disorder that has a small prevalence compared to other mental disorders but it has a fairly high burden of disease. The purpose of this analysis is to obtain the national, provincial prevalence of psychosis and to compare the prevalence between urban and rural regions in Indonesia based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018. This is an advance analysis. Riskesdas was implemented in July 2018 in 34 provinces and 514 regencies/cities. A total of 29,824 census blocks with a response rate of 99.41%, as many as 282.654 households visited and interviewed with a response rate of 95.58%. The enumerator interviewed the head of the family or his representative regarding the existence of household members (ART) in the house who had or were experiencing psychosis and how many of them. The analysis was carried out with SPSS version 22 using the complex sample method. Based on Riskesdas 2018, an estimated prevalence of people who have suffered psychosis in Indonesia is 1.8 per 1000 population. The prevalence between provinces ranges from 0.9 to 3.5 per 1000 population. The prevalence is higher in rural than urban area (p=0.099).
Keywords: Riskesdas 2018, psychosis, prevalence
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