RESUMO:A intensificação tecnológica na agricultura moderna e o uso indiscriminado de fungicidas para o controle de doenças de plantas causam danos ao ambiente e favorecem o surgimento de raças de patógenos resistentes a produtos químicos. Nesse sentido, buscam-se métodos de controle alternativo que sejam eficientes no controle populacional de patógenos em plantas, menos agressivos ao meio ambiente e ao homem. A ativação dos mecanismos de defesa, como a produção de fitoalexinas, pode ser uma alternativa viável na indução de resistência e no controle de doenças em algumas plantas cultivadas. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou verificar a capacidade de indução de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de soja e mesocótilos de sorgo oriundos de extratos brutos aquosos e tinturas de plantas de espécies florestais. As espécies florestais utilizadas foram Angelim (Hyemenolobium petraeum), Cambará (Qualea albiflora) e Eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os extratos brutos aquosos são eficientes na indução de fitoalexinas do tipo gliceolina em cotilédones de soja, sendo que a espécie responsável por maior acúmulo desse composto foi o eucalipto. Em mesocótilos de sorgo, os extratos brutos aquosos de Angelim e Cambará induziram o acúmulo das fitoalexinas deoxiantocianidinas em baixas concentrações (1 e 5%). As tinturas induziram a produção de fitoalexinas nas concentrações de 10 e 15% em cotilédones de soja e não apresentaram produção de fitoalexinas em mesocótilos de sorgo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Extrato bruto aquoso; Indução de resistência; Tinturas.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of homeopathic medicine Calcarea carbonica 12CH and bioproducts: filtrates of saprobic fungi from Amazon, green propolis nosode 06CH, filtrate of Pichia sp., green propolis extract, Bacillus subtilis; to control Lasiodiplodia (Lasiodiplodia sp.) and development of passion fruit seedlings (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 10 treatments in a parcel divided in time. Each plot consisted of 5 plants for analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and when significant compared by Scott-Knott test (p> 0.05). Variables related to plant growth and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were evaluated. Assessments were performed at 67, 74 and 82 days after transplantation. There was no reduction in AUDPC for treatments compared to control. As for plant height (cm), the best treatments were Pichia sp. and Gonytrichum sp. with an increase in relation to control of 29.70% and 18.24%, respectively, and increased leaf area (cm2) by 27.42% and 19.85%, respectively. B. subtilis, Pichia sp. and Gonytrichum sp., increased total biomass by 42.31%, 32.82% and 21.44%, respectively. The filtrates application from Pichia sp., Filtrate from Gonytrichum sp., C. carbonica 12CH and B. subtilis provided better performance in the development of passion fruit plants with an increase in the main morphological attributes. The results show that the use of bio products improves the development of seedlings, especially the use of yeast and saprophytic fungi by controlling the biochemical and physiological processes of plants during development.
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