TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractSelecting the components of fluids for reservoir drilling and completion can require extensive laboratory work to determine the most compatible fluid. Well temperatures in excess of 300°F (150°C) create additional challenges, as the additives required to give water-based reservoir drilling fluids the rheological and fluid-loss characteristics needed to successfully drill and complete long horizontal wells degrade at such elevated temperatures. In addition, supplying the necessary additives to a drilling operation in a remote location can be a major logistical burden, leading to a compromise in the fluid formulation.The Belanak field lies off the coast of Indonesia in the Natuna Sea. The reservoir temperature is high (315°F), and the reservoir sections are drilled horizontally, typically between 3,500 and 4,500 ft and often feature particularly tortuous well paths. A low-solids, brine-based reservoir drilling fluid was required because the wells use premium screens for sand control.Six wells were drilled using the sodium formate-based reservoir drilling and completion fluids. The particle size distribution and concentration of the calcium carbonate bridging solids were monitored closely while drilling to ensure that filter cake quality was not compromised. A chelating agent-based breaker was used to break down the filter cake prior to the onset of production.The laboratory work required to optimize the fluids for this project had to take into account not only the requirements for the best fluid technically, but also the effect of the limitations created by working in a remote location. Considerations included minimum loading of calcium carbonate required to deposit a clean, high-quality filter cake and the effect of mixing brine for the reservoir drilling fluid or completion using seawater in case of a shortage of drill water.Fluid testing carried out in the laboratory included drilling performance at temperature, fluid compatibilities, bridging solids optimization, scale inhibition testing, and breaker selection. The fluid selected was based on sodium formatethe first application of a formate-based fluid in Indonesia.

Effective primary cementing in the wellbore is critical to achieve positive wellbore isolation for the life of the well. This paper discusses an expandable liner hanger (ELH) system, which provides liner rotation during the liner deployment and the cementing operation while also providing a hydraulically energized liner-top seal on setting. The wells in this case study were drilled and 7″ liners installed using an expandable liner hanger system. This paper demonstrates the cementing result of the cemented liners in 30 wells during a 2 ½-year period. The wells consisted of two types of liner installations: liner jobs in which rotation was planned and achieved and liner jobs in which rotation was not planned due to equipment limitations (cementing results prompted a change to a high torque rotating liner system). The study evaluates the quality of cement bond with the effects of liner rotation, standoff, displacement rate, openhole inclination, openhole exposure time, and dogleg severity (DLS). In hostile well environments, the cementing of liners has always presented a challenge to conventional cementing liner operations. Well designs are inherently more complex because the targets are deeper, and the downhole conditions are uncertain. Highly deviated and extended reach well configurations require much more planning when developing the drilling and completion design. An ELH system has been developed to address the challenges in the conventional cementing liner operation, which can increase the probability of achieving overall operational success. The result of this study shows that rotating the liner during the cementing operation achieved better cement quality. The case histories of the wells using the expandable liner system verify the key consideration factors presented in this paper, which helps to improve the quality of liner cementing bond.

TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractSelecting the components of fluids for reservoir drilling and completion can require extensive laboratory work to determine the most compatible fluid. Well temperatures in excess of 300°F (150°C) create additional challenges, as the additives required to give water-based reservoir drilling fluids the rheological and fluid-loss characteristics needed to successfully drill and complete long horizontal wells degrade at such elevated temperatures. In addition, supplying the necessary additives to a drilling operation in a remote location can be a major logistical burden, leading to a compromise in the fluid formulation.The Belanak field lies off the coast of Indonesia in the Natuna Sea. The reservoir temperature is high (315°F), and the reservoir sections are drilled horizontally, typically between 3,500 and 4,500 ft and often feature particularly tortuous well paths. A low-solids, brine-based reservoir drilling fluid was required because the wells use premium screens for sand control.Six wells were drilled using the sodium formate-based reservoir drilling and completion fluids. The particle size distribution and concentration of the calcium carbonate bridging solids were monitored closely while drilling to ensure that filter cake quality was not compromised. A chelating agent-based breaker was used to break down the filter cake prior to the onset of production.The laboratory work required to optimize the fluids for this project had to take into account not only the requirements for the best fluid technically, but also the effect of the limitations created by working in a remote location. Considerations included minimum loading of calcium carbonate required to deposit a clean, high-quality filter cake and the effect of mixing brine for the reservoir drilling fluid or completion using seawater in case of a shortage of drill water.Fluid testing carried out in the laboratory included drilling performance at temperature, fluid compatibilities, bridging solids optimization, scale inhibition testing, and breaker selection. The fluid selected was based on sodium formatethe first application of a formate-based fluid in Indonesia.

TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractThe Belanak A platform is situated in the Natuna Sea region of Indonesia. The reservoir sections are high temperature (315°F BHST), and the openhole sections were planned to be between 3500 and 4500 ft horizontal, some with tortuous well paths required to meet the target. In order to ensure excellent drilling performance and optimum protection of the producing formation, a formate-based, low-solids reservoir drilling fluid was selected -the first time such a system had been used in Indonesia.In this paper, the authors detail the design and successful application of the unique reservoir drill-in fluid in the demanding and remote well.

Cao Dagu3 said: I4 am the wife of a virtuous man, the daughter of an eminent family. I observe all the four proprieties and a m well-read in history. As I pause5 from women's work and read, (I find that) there have been m a n p heroines praiseworthy and some virtuous women admirable. I feel sorry that posterity has not followed their model. I thus write this work entitled "Book of Analects" in the hope of teaching women to inherit the good and guard against the evil. Those who follow these teachings will be regarded as virtuous women, whose names will rank among those of their predecessors and be passed down to future generations. Book 1: On DeportmentThe first thing for any woman to learn is the principle of deportment: that of purity and chastity7. If you are pure, then chastity will follow: if you are chaste, then you will be honored.Don't turn your head and look back while walking. Don't show your teeth while speaking. Don't move your knees while sitting. Don't sway your dress while standing. Don't laugh out loud when happy. Don't shout when angry.Indoors or out, men and women should be in separate groups.Don't peep beyond the outer wall, and don't go beyond the courtyard.Hide your face when watching something. When going outside you must cover yourself. Don't give your name to a man who is not your relative. Don't become friendly with a woman who is not from a good famil?. Only by being decorous and proper will you be a [proper] person. 0 Blackwell hblfshcrs Ud 1996. Publlshed by Blackwell hbllshers. I08 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 IJF. UK and 238 Mah Street. Cambrldgc. M A 02142. USA.