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Injection of acetylcholine (ACh) (2.5-60 nmol) into the anterior cingulate cortex caused dose-dependent hypotensive responses (Emax = -25.3 mmHg) and no change in the heart rate. The hypotensive response to 30 nmol of ACh was blocked by local pretreatment with atropine (3 nmol) or 4-DAMP (6.7 nmol), a non-tropine muscarinic antagonist. When the same dose of atropine was injected i.v., no changes were observed in the hypotensive response to intracortical ACh. This observation rules out the possible leakage of ACh into the peripheral circulation and favors the idea of a cortical site of action. The injection of the same dose of ACh into the corpus callosum or the occipital cortex did not cause changes in the cardiovascular system. The present results confirm earlier evidence that the cingulate cortex is involved in the control of the autonomic system and indicate that cholinergic muscarinic receptors in the cingulate cortex mediate a hypotensive response without a change in heart rate.

Systemic infections caused by E. cloacae in our NICU were associated with a high mortality rate and occurred as small, unrecognized outbreaks. These results may not be generalizable because the data were from a single center.

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ROGÉRIO HAKIO KUBOYAMADetecção de cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae produtoras de betalactamases de espectro estendido em pacientes assistidos em hospitais terciários na cidade de Campinas: epidemiologia molecular e fatores de risco. CAMPINAS 2009iii ROGÉRIO HAKIO KUBOYAMA Detecção de cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae produtoras de betalactamases de espectro estendido em pacientes assistidos em hospitais terciários na cidade de Campinas: epidemiologia molecular e fatores de risco.