Buku kanak-kanak sentiasa mendapat tempat dalam kalangan kanak-kanak dan orang dewasa. Hal ini demikian kerana, buku kanak-kanak mempunyai unsur keindahan atau estetika yang menyumbang kepada aspek berbahasa dalam kalangan pembaca. Namun demikian, buku-buku terbitan penerbit di Malaysia sebagai bahan bacaan untuk mengasah minat membaca dan mendapat keseronokan dalam kalangan kanak-kanak masih belum setanding dengan buku yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit dari luar negara (Alimah Salam, 2010:39). Oleh itu, tujuan kertas kerja ini adalah untuk membicarakan persoalan estetika dalam buku kanak-kanak di Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti unsur-unsur estetika dalam buku kanak-kanak dan menganalisis unsur-unsur estetika dalam buku kanak-kanak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dengan meneliti sembilan buah buku kanak-kanak berdasarkan pendekatan estetika yang dikemukakan oleh Maria Nikolajeva (2005). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat dua unsur estetika dalam buku kanak-kanak iaitu, estetika genre dan estetika bahasa. Kata kunci: buku kanak-kanak; kesusasteraan kanak-kanak; estetika.

Empathy is derived from Greek. Empathy can be generally defined as the ability of a person to know and feel the feelings of others. The ability of someone in delving into the feelings of others is capable of strengthening the relationship between the person with someone else. Empathy is seen as the way a person understands something problems experienced by others and strives to show that he's hard to understand the feelings of the person. Early Islam language is clear that picture liver beam represented through the behavior and use of language politeness that do not offend either to read or listen. As such, this paper will examine the practice of writing early speaking class of managers through management documents issued to the public based on a sense of empathy are shown. The review approach is to use analytical methods of document management documents obtained from selected government departments. Early writing speaking will be classified based on four key principles, namely, the most delicate, subtle, less fine and gross. The result saw the class Manager highly on related matters expressed impati. This is evident when there is a use of words in the form of empathy that is used in accordance with the context of the document was issued.

Tahun 2020 yang di canang-canangkan sebagai kemuncak ketamadunan moden manusia, akhirnya telah bertukar menjadi mimpi ngeri bagi masyarakat dunia. Hal akibat daripada musuh kecil dan licik, iaitu COVID-19 yang telah meragut jutaan nyawa dan menjadi ancaman global yang digeruni. COVID-19 juga menular di Malaysia dengan pengesanan awal pada Januari 2020. Bilangan jangkitan kemudian mencanak naik pada bulan-bulan berikutnya. Bagi memutuskan rantaian jangkitan, pihak kerajaan Malaysia telah melaksanakan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP). Namun, langkah ini tidak seindah yang dijangkakan kerana ia memberikan impak yang besar terhadap masyarakat terutamanya golongan miskin. Sebenarnya, situasi pandemik dan PKP yang berlaku ini mendapat perhatian penulis-penulis kreatif yang menzahirkan penceritaan ke dalam bentuk karya kesusasteraan. Oleh itu, dengan mengambil kira cerpen yang dihasilkan oleh Saiful Ghazali yang bertajuk “Kuncitara” (2020), makalah ini bertujuan mengkaji impak PKP terhadap golongan miskin berdasarkan cerpen tersebut. Cerpen ini dianalisis secara tekstual dengan berpandukan konsep sosiologi sastera. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa, seperti mana yang ditonjolkan dalam cerpen “Kuncitara” terdapat enam tema isu permasalahan yang membelenggu golongan miskin ketika PKP, iaitu ketidakstabilan emosi, tekanan hidup, keganasan tingkah laku, masalah sosial, ancaman kesihatan dan pengingkaran norma. Kajian ini dirujuk signifikan bagi memahami isu-isu yang berlaku terhadap golongan miskin semasa PKP dan membuktikan karya kesusasteraan mampu menjadi saluran yang baik dalam memberi kefahaman kepada masyarakat berkaitan isu-isu tersebut.

Hang Tuah is a character in the epic Hikayat Hang Tuah which has become the pride of Malay Literature. The epic, and especially the protagonist of the epic, Hang Tuah, have been much discussed. This is also the case where children’s literature is concerned, as the Hikayat Hang Tuah has attracted the attention of Malaysian authors to produce adaptations of stories from this epic. The stories linked to the character of Hang Tuah contain many elements of fantasy which makes them suitable for adaptation as children’s literature. Establishing what types of adaptations have been made of these stories forms the core of this study. Also, the acceptance of Hang Tuah as a hero of the Malays has been challenged by movements, especially in social realism. As a result, the character of Hang Jebat has become accepted as a heroic figure instead. However, whether or not social realism has influenced adaptations done for children, and whether there has been a shift in the figure of hero as a result of social realism are still unanswered questions which this study addresses. This study has found that adaptations of stories about Hang Tuah for children are mainly partial adaptations, and that the stories chosen for adaptation are especially those containing strong elements of fantasy. Illustrations are also an element in these partial adaptations. The study has found no trace of the influence of social realism in the adaptations. Hang Tuah is still depicted as a heroic figure while Hang Jebat continues to be depicted as the traitor. Keywords: children’s literature, Hang Tuah, adaptations, social realism, illustrations