Background: Seizure is one of the common causes of childhood hospitalization with significant mortality and morbidity. Current study is to find the etiology of seizure and classify seizure into various types and age groups presenting to tertiary center in Department of pediatrics VCSGGIMS and R Srinagar Pauri, Gharwal, Uttrakhand, India.Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study carried out from 1st Jan. 2014 to 31st Dec 2014. Variables collected were demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory tests, brain imaging studies, electroencephalography, diagnosis and hospital course.Results: A total of 276 patients were admitted for seizures with 172 (62.3%) males and 104 (37.7%) females. Among these patients, 148 (53.5%) presented with fever and 157 (56.8%) of children were less than 5 years of age. Generalized tonic-clonic seizure was the most common seizure type (69.2%) followed by partial (19.2%), absence (2.8%), myoclonus (1.6%) and others (6.9%). Seizure disorder (33.7%), febrile seizures (30%), CNS infections (meningitis 6.1%, encephalitis 6.5% and Tubercular meningitis 1.8%) and neurocysticercosis were other common etiologies. Abnormal brain images were noted in 55 (45.45%) out of 121 patients and most common abnormality was neurocysticercosis 33(12%).Conclusions: Acute episode of seizure is one of the causes for hospitalization. It can be concluded from present study that most of seizures caused by febrile seizures and CNS infections (meningitis and encephalitis, neurocysticercosis) can be managed better with prompt interventions. Children presenting with unprovoked seizure need prolonged follow up with neurophysiologic studies and neuroimaging (CT or MRI) for better understanding of childhood seizure.

Background: The purpose of this study was to find etiological and other associated factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia at a tertiary care hospital SGRRIM&HS Patel Nagar Dehradun Uttrakhand, India. Jaundice is a common problem in neonatology. Early recognition of the cause of jaundice is very important as delay in management may lead to serious complications or even death. Methods: In present study, newborns with jaundice were evaluated during a 12 months period between January 2015-December 2015. 195 newborns with jaundice were enrolled in the study. Data regarding demographic profile of new born, physical examination and laboratory investigations were gathered and analyzed to interpret the common etiologies giving rise to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Results: Out of 195 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinem, 40 cases belonged to physiological jaundice. Breast feeding jaundice-121 cases, breast milk jaundice-5 cases, jaundice due to prematurity-8 cases and pathological jaundice-21 cases (6 were of ABO incompatibility, 4 neonatal sepses, 4 Rh incompatibility, 4 G6PD deficiencies, 2 neonatal hypothyroidism and 1 congenital biliary atresia). Conclusions: Present study concludes that breast feeding jaundice forms the bulk of cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in our hospital, followed by physiological jaundice, jaundice of prematurity, ABO Incompatibility, breast milk jaundice, neonatal sepsis, Rh incompatibility, G6PD Deficiency, neonatal hypothyroidism and congenital biliary atresia.