For the Philippines to benefit from the ASEAN integration and globalization, in general, it must be able to mold highly educated citizens who can proactively engage themselves with the national, regional, and international knowledge economies. 1 The Philippines has nine research universities that presumably lead its approximately 2,500 higher educational institutions in molding these needed citizens. These nine research universities are the eight autonomous constituent units of the University of the Philippines and De La Salle University. The idea of the modern research university was invented more than 200 years ago in Berlin by the philosopher, linguist, humanist, and statesman Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835). Around 1850, American educational leaders started to appropriate Humboldt's ideas to establish the American research universities. As the University of the Philippines is an American creation and at the same time the flagship institution of Philippine higher education, this paper used the Humboldtian philosophy of education, as well as its American rendition, in looking at the soundness of this university's claim to be a research university. To attain this goal this paper has three substantive sections: 1) a discussion on Humboldt's philosophy of education, 2) a discussion on the American translation of Humboldt's philosophy of education, 3) a critique of the foundational principles of the University of the Philippines as a research university.

Abstract:The paper aims at outlining the problems and follies with the research involved in Filipino Philosophy by conducting a survey of the methodologies involved in the construction of "perspectives" and "ideologies" that constitute what Filipino philosophers want to establish as Filipino Philosophy. The main contention of this paper is that these methodologies either fall short from their use of ideas and concepts (i.e., phenomenology, linguistic constructivism, and weak anthropological data) or construct a mythos of Filipino Philosophy that is intended to construct an identity rather than depict a volksgeist that can be identified with Filipino consciousness. Likewise, I hypothesize that the idea of Filipino philosophy lacks historical rapport insofar as the work of Filipino philosophers fails to achieve legitimacy in philosophy through discursive and critical engagement with current philosophical discourses. At the end of the paper, I will propose two solutions that will address these problems. By following the works of F.P.A. Demeterio III and Florentino Hornedo, we can surmise an alternative method of discoursing through the notion of Filipino philosophy via critical engagement with socio-political critique of Philippine ideologies or via true anthropological methods.

For the Philippines to benefit from the ASEAN integration and globalization, in general, it must be able to mould highly educated citizens who can proactively engage themselves with the national, regional and international knowledge economies. 1 The Philippines has nine research universities that presumably lead its approximately 2,500 higher educational institutions in moulding these needed citizens. These nine research universities are the eight autonomous constituent units of the University of the Philippines and De La Salle University. The idea of the modern research university was invented more than 200 years ago in Berlin by the philosopher, linguist, humanist and statesman Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835). Around 1850, American educational leaders started to appropriate Humboldt's ideas to establish the American research universities. As the University of the Philippines is an American creation and at the same time the flagship institution of Philippine higher education, this paper used the Humboldtian philosophy of education as well as its American rendition in looking at the soundness of this university's claim to as a research university. To attain this goal, this paper has three substantive sections: 1) a discussion on Humboldt's philosophy of education, 2) a discussion on the American translation of Humboldt's philosophy of education, 3) a critique of the foundational principles of the University of the Philippines as a research university.

espite the delay of this issue, we welcome the readers to a wide selection of philosophical topics that extend themselves through age and genre. This issue marks the success of KRITIKE in its second year-and, so far so good! We owe this success to our contributors and readers, and we are deeply grateful to them. The growing number of essays we are receiving is testament to the rhizomatic growth of the journal-the varieties of topics collected in this issue also speak of the continuous growth of the journal. We are happy to present fourteen philosophical pieces from different theoretical persuasions, ranging from ancient Greek philosophy, social and critical theory, philosophical anthropology, psychoanalysis, analytic philosophy, and phenomenology.We open the issue with our Featured Essay. The Editorial Board is once more thankful to Fr. Ranhilio Callangan Aquino for granting us permission to feature his essay entitled "The Dialectics of Power, Rights, and Responsibility." In this essay, Fr. Aquino discusses the importance of rights in the context of entitlement by drawing on Paul Ricouer and Jürgen Habermas. Fr. Aquino begins his discussion of rights as a form of entitlement towards a "good life," this entitlement is conditioned by the social dimension within which man is situated, man who lives in a life that is lacking by itself. It is only through others that man is able to recognize this entitlement, and with that we understand that right becomes a power that may either be beneficial or detrimental to the "good life" with Other(s). Thus, power must be delegated to someone who is solicitous and sympathetic to the needs of the Other, while at the same time be able to deal with the plurality that characterizes the differences among individuals. A just institution, then, is characterized by having this power to unite the people, despite the differences in perspectives with regard to the goal of living a good life; this is made possible through the thorough negotiations, made possible through an open flow of information and communication.The first article is written by Jeffry V. Ocay entitled "Eroticizing Marx, Revolutionizing Freud: Marcuse's Psychoanalytic Turn." Ocay offers a critical perspective on Marcuse's take on Marx's notion of capitalism. Freud points out that eros is closely related to thanatos, and in this relationship one sees that there is a need to suppress desires in order to preserve life. Ananke, or scarcity, holds the key in the suppression of these desires through sublimination. With D

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