This article provides an example of the unequal outcomes generated by humans interacting in a gendered organizational context. Acker's concept of gendered institutions is applied to a juvenile justice program. Using data from court records and program files, official outcomes for boys and girls are compared. Findings indicate that variation in the level of program implementation produced an increase, rather than a decrease, in the odds of female youth being charged with a new offense. They also indicate that girls who committed a new offense were much more likely than comparable boys to be returned to residential treatment, even when controlling for the severity of their reoffense. Taken together, these findings illustrate the reproduction of gender inequality consistent with operations of a gendered organization.

The widespread use of incentive-based early retirement as a work force reduction strategy during the 1980s introduced uncertainty into a formerly predictable life course event. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data from in-depth focused interviews with 60 families (111 individuals) to examine the impact of early retirement incentives on satisfaction with retirement, personal efficacy of the retiree, and beliefs about the future of long-term careers. Early retirees were satisfied with retirement. Satisfaction was significantly related to health ( p < .03) and expectations for future health and productivity ( p < .04). Spouses were satisfied with retirement but expressed concerns about the retiree's adjustment and their own loss of privacy. Personal efficacy was significantly different for retirees in each of three categories of availability of an alternative to retirement and three categories of reason for retirement.

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