LTMV outside ICU was possible in ten patients, seven of whom returned home. Returning home is very difficult for patients dependent on a ventilator who lack family support.

In this paper we account for the main characteristics and performance of a number of recently developed term extraction systems. The analysed tools represent the main strategies followed by researchers in this area. All systems are analysed and compared against a set of technically relevant characteristics.

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El coneixement de la ciència i la tècnica es representa i es transfereix a través de paraules que tenen un significat especialitzat, precís i concís. L’accés al coneixement especialitzat permet l’ús adequat de la terminologia. Treballar el llenguatge juntament amb el coneixement científic des dels inicis és crucial. En el projecte «Jugant a definir la ciència» (I i II) partim del supòsit que les bases del coneixement especialitzat es comencen a adquirir en els primers anys de vida d’una persona. El nostre objecte d’estudi és presentar recursos per treballar col·laborativament paraules bàsiques de la ciència a l’escola com ara aigua, espai, estrella, cervell, gel, mort, sol, calor, velocitat, aire, vida, etc. Enguany, el projecte ha saltat a la xarxa. En aquest article presentem, a més, la plataforma digital, «El club lèxic», que fomenta el treball col·laboratiu.

The need to update languages is a real and necessary fact. A language that is not continuously updated is left, over time, with a marginal presence in formal and prestigious communication, and consequently, plays little or no part in international communication. Although languages always change, these changes may be undetectable, since they occur gradually, or be clearly visible: lexical changes have the greater visibility in languages when the emergence of a new unit to describe a concept or a new reality becomes apparent.The most important reason behind the renewal of the lexicon is the need to change language to adapt to the changing environment. The world evolves, knowledge increases and is redefined, and languages should be able to express this renewal. The most representative linguistic units of this change are lexical units, as advances of all kinds, especially scientific and technological innovations are expressed through terms. Thus, neologisms represent the constant changes of a society and are a clear indication of the vitality of a language. In 1969, the word homophobia was first used in politics and Islamophobia was not used until 1991; Internet was used for the first time in 1976 and blog did not appear until the late 90's.This continuous movement, with the corresponding need for lexical renewal, is particularly important in specialized fields and, consequently, in terminology: Android phone, blamstorming, blocking minority, citizen journalism, cloud computing, tweet or wiki are new formal or semantic terms that name new realities in the specialized areas involved. Primary neology and secondary neologyThe rapid dissemination of scientific and technological developments, the introduction of new social and economic concepts in the real world, and the permanent intercommunication in the knowledge society require specialized terms. Therefore, languages have to update their terminology at the same rate of social changes. It is neither possible to build specialized knowledge without terms, nor possible to communicate or disseminate new developments in science or technology without new terms.Therefore, this continuous updating of the lexicon of languages occurs as a result of the creation of new knowledge in a language, or because the new knowledge of a speakers community are imported. In addition, it is incorporated into the receiving language through borrowings, coinage ex nihilo or through lexical units constructed from morphosyntactic and semantic resources of their own language. Every day, it is possible to observe situations that require new terms: a) in a context of knowledge production, a new entity to be named is discovered or invented; b) in a translation context, it may be necessary to select or propose an equivalent for a term in the original text which so far had only been named in the language that created the term; or c) in the context of language planning, institutions have to establish the most appropriate terms by adopting or adapting a loanword or by proposing a new formation.In these ac...