Most patients undergoing limb amputations suffer significant emotional changes. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of suicide attempts and depression in a sample of Mexican patients with limb amputations and, second, to determine whether the patients' functionality correlates with the presence of depression. We studied 40 patients who had undergone a limb amputation. The suicide attempt was evaluated using the Suicide Intent Scale. The depression was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, whereas the functionality of the patients was measured using the Functional Independence Measure. In this sample, 90% were men, whereas only 10% were women. In terms of the suicide behavior, we identified suicide attempts in 27.5% of the patients. The rate of depression was 92.5%. In the Functional Independence Measure, we observed that 57.5% of the patients showed complete dependence. Finally, a significant correlation was found between depression and functionality (r=-0.75, P<0.001). The findings of the present study highlight the high incidence of suicide attempts and depression in Mexican patients with limb amputations. Also, we identified a correlation between the lack of functional independence and depression. Therefore, holistic interventions are necessary in these patients: rehabilitation therapy to increase their functionality, and psychological and pharmacology therapy to decrease suicidal behavior and depression. Finally, more studies using larger samples are necessary to obtain conclusive results.
Suicides and homicides are public health problems around the world. The rates of suicide and homicide have increased in the past years. The objectives of this study are to estimate the rates of suicide and homicide in Mexico City, and to determine the rates of suicide and homicide by sex in the different municipalities of Mexico City during 2019. Data analyzed were obtained from files of governmental organizations in Mexico City. From the general victims-in-research-folders, we choose “victims of crime” or “loss of life by suicide” that happened in 2019. Sex and municipality of residence were obtained. The rate of suicide was of 5.65 cases per 100,000 habitants. Stratified by gender and by municipalities, the highest rates observed were 6.8 suicides per 100,000 males and 29.6 suicides per 100,000 females. The sex ratio was 4.2:1 (males: females). Regarding homicides, the rates were 16.68 homicides per 100,000 females and 67.41 homicides per 100,000 males. The Venustiano Carranza Municipality showed the highest homicide rate in men with 131.72 homicides per 100,000 males. The homicide sex ratio was 7.8:1. The findings of the present study highlight that death by suicide is more common in men with 7.8 more times than in women. The municipalities with higher deaths by suicide have lower rates of homicides and the municipalities with higher deaths by suicide showed lower rates of suicide in men.
RESUMENEl dolor musculoesquelético de espalda baja es quizás el más frecuente. Debido a su impacto físico, emocional y socioeconómico es considerado un problema de salud pública. La Etiología del dolor musculoesquelético de espalda baja se descubre en muy pocas ocasiones, incluso con la tecnología que existe en la actualidad. En la mayor parte de los casos, el dolor de espalda puede ser un síntoma con diversas causas, entre otras: el uso excesivo de actividades agotadoras, posturas incorrectas, degeneración de las vértebras, tensión o espasmos musculares. Los posibles tratamientos que se aplican para disminuir el dolor son los siguientes: ultrasonido terapéutico, ondas de choque y farmacológico. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar la información sobre evidencias acerca de la eficacia del ultrasonido terapéutico en la disminución del dolor musculo esquelético en espalda baja. Palabras clave: ultrasonido terapéutico, dolor, espalda baja. DOI: 10.28957/rcmfr.v27n2a3 ABSTRACTThe muscle-skeletal pain in the lower back area is perhaps the most frequent back-pain. Due to its physical, emotional and socioeconomic impact, it is considered a public health problem. The etiology of the lower back pain is rarely discovered, even using the most advanced technology. In the majority of cases, the lower back pain is a symptom caused by diverse causes, such as excessive tiring-activities, incorrect posture, vertebra degeneration, tension or muscle spasms, among others. The possible treatments to decrease this pain are: therapeutic ultrasound, shock waves and pharmacology treatment. The objective of this review is to determine how effective is the ultrasound therapy to decrease the muscle-skeletal pain of the lower back area.
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