To evaluate their daily work in analytical measurements, all soil analysis laboratories must have their own low-cost reference material to substitute high-cost certified reference materials. This standard can be used to substitute routine use of high-cost certified reference material (CRM). This standard can be used to substitute routine use of CRM or conventionalized reference materials in case the former are not available. This article presents a simple procedure for preparing a standard for plant material that has high quality and homogeneity for internal use in laboratories. This procedure can also be used to prepare homogeneous soil samples. As a preliminary analytical indicator of homogeneity, water-soluble potassium and total zinc contents were used. The Levene test was selected as the statistical test of homogeneity of the material. The process is iterative and concludes when the value of F of the results obtained from the analysis of variance of the residuals is less than the critical value of F for a given selected probability. It is recommended that a p ¼ 0.01 be used. The homogenized sample was distributed to participants in an intercomparison exercise to validate the results of the laboratory preparation.
El consumo de frutas y vegetales reduce el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, por su alto contenido de sustancias bioactivas. Durante 2013-2014 se cosecharon frutos de frambuesa (Rubus idaeus L.) cvs. Adelita, Erika, Lupita y Polka, en Michoacán y Jalisco, México, para determinar color (L*, a*, b*, C* y h*), firmeza, sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), pH del jugo, capacidad antioxidante (CA) y concentración de ácido elágico (AE). Como resultado se encontró que todas las variables físicas y químicas, excepto CA, presentaron diferencias significativas para distintas épocas de cosecha. Se realizó un análisis de regresión para evaluar el efecto del promedio mensual de la temperatura (T) y la humedad relativa (HR) de los sitios, y se encontró que existe una relación positiva significativa entre la T promedio y SST, pH, AE y CA, pero negativa y significativa con AT. La HR sólo tuvo efecto negativo sobre las variables firmeza y SST. Se observaron diferencias significativas en la concentración de AE entre cultivares. Las frutas cosechadas en junio y octubre presentaron mayor concentración de AE. La mayor concentración de AE se encontró en Erika (3.69 μg g-1 de peso fresco de la fruta) y la menor concentración en Adelita (2.26 μg g-1). La capacidad antioxidante de todos los cultivares fue mayor a 60 %, que es aceptable en la neutralización de los radicales libres.
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