BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobiological condition that affects 3%–7% of the pediatric population and significantly compromises the quality of life (QoL) of these individuals. The aim of the current study was to compare child self-reports and parent proxy reports on the QoL of children with ADHD.MethodsForty-five children with ADHD, combined type, aged 8–12 years without comorbidities, were compared with 43 typically developing children. PedsQL™ 4.0 (Pediatric QoL Inventory™) Generic Core Scales (physical, emotional, social, and school functioning) were completed by families and children self-reporting their health-related QoL.ResultsChildren with ADHD reported themselves significantly lowered their PedsQL™ scores on all dimensions in comparison to typically developing children. Statistically significant differences were observed in social functioning (p = 0.010), school functioning (p <0.001), psychosocial health (p <0.001), and total score (p = 0.002). The physical functioning and emotional functioning dimensions did not differ significantly between groups, with p = 0.841 and p = 0.070, respectively. Parents of children with ADHD also reported lower PedsQL™ scores, with statistically significant differences in all dimensions. The relationship between child self-reports and parent proxy reports indicated that there is greater agreement among children with ADHD, except for the school functioning.ConclusionsThis suggests that children with the disorder and their parents have a perception of the functional limitations the disorder brings. It is therefore important to undertake studies to verify the QoL in children with ADHD that aim to provide and measure the scope of the well-being of these children.
Objetivo. Discutir os mecanismos neurais envolvidos no Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) e no Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC) em crianças. Embora os problemas motores ocorram em 30-50% das crianças com TDAH, suas causas ainda não estão claras. Método. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo, entre os anos de 2000 e 2015, utilizando os descritores “ADHD”, “DCD”, “comorbidity”, “motor skills”, “attention”, “executive functioning”, “neural basis” e suas combinações. A seleção de 72 artigos considerou aqueles mais relevantes de acordo com a abrangência do tema proposto, de forma não sistemática. Resultados. O envolvimento dos gânglios basais e do córtex pré-frontal verificado nos indivíduos com TDAH pode refletir dificuldades de planejamento motor e organização dos movimentos antes do seu início, enquanto que alterações parietais encontradas em crianças com TDC podem estar relacionadas não apenas à preparação, mas principalmente à execução do ato motor. Conclusões. A sobreposição entre o TDAH e TDC pode implicar um substrato neurobiológico comum para ambos os transtornos. Porém, não está claro até o momento quais dificuldades motoras e atencionais são intrínsecas a cada transtorno, devido a não identificação do TDC em muitas amostras com TDAH e vice-versa.
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