Background: Micronutrient formulation is a liquid mixture of micronutrients which can be used as a fertilizer. It is a mixture of two solutions viz., solution A and solution B. Solution A is a mixture of zinc sulphate (50 gL-1), boric acid (10 gL-1), copper sulphate (20 gL-1), manganous sulphate (0.5 gL-1), ferrous sulphate (10 gL-1) and ammonium molybdate (0.5 gL-1) whereas solution B is an organic acid which act as a chelate. The mixture can be diluted to specific concentrations for application. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of micronutrient formulation as seed treatment and foliar nutrition. Methods: The study was conducted at College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, Kerala Agricultural University and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pilicode during 2018–19. The investigation was carried out in three parts: (i) standardization of micronutrient formulation for cowpea (ii) seed treatment study (iii) field experiment. The proportion of mixing micronutrient formulation and the duration for seed treatment was standardized in experiment I. In experiment II, a seed treatment study was carried out in a completely randomised design with seven treatments and three replications which included seed treatment with micronutrient formulation @ 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1, 1.5 and 2 percent as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 respectively. T7 (seed treatment with water) was the control. Three, a field experiment was carried out in randomized block design (factorial) with twelve treatments and three replications. The treatment consisting of combination of four levels of seed treatment - factor A [no seed treatment (S1), seed treatment with rhizobium (S2), seed treatment with best concentration from experiment 1 (S3) and second best seed treatment from experiment 1 (S4)] and three levels of foliar application of micronutrient - factor B [no foliar application (F1), one foliar application at 15 DAS (F2) and two foliar applications at 15 and 30 DAS (F3)]. Result: Through lab experiments, solution B was standardized and the formulation was developed by mixing solution A and solution B in the ratio 1:2. Duration for seed treatment was also standardized as 6 hours. Thus micronutrient formulation was standardized. In seed treatment study, seeds treated with 2% micronutrient formulation (T6) showed highest plant height at three leaf stage (24.23 cm) and seedling vigour index (2423). In the field experiment seed treatment with 2% micronutrient formulation (S3), foliar spray at 15 and 30 days after sowing (F3) and their interaction (S3F3) was found to be highly effective to the crop in terms of plant height, stem diameter, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, grain yield and nutrient content in grain. These results clearly indicate the role of micronutrient formulation in enhancing the growth, yield and nutrient content of cowpea.

<span lang="EN-US">Fine-tuning of a model is a method that is most often required to cater to the users’ explicit requirements. But the question remains whether the model is accurate enough to be used for a certain application. This paper strives to present the metrics used for performance evaluation of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. The evaluation is based on the training process which provides us with intermediate models after every 1000 iterations. While 1000 iterations are not substantial enough over the range of 490k iterations, the groups are sized with 100k iterations each. Now, the intention was to compare the recorded metrics to evaluate the model in terms of accuracy. The training model used the set of specific categories chosen from the Microsoft Common Objects in Context (MS COCO) dataset while allowing the users to use their externally available images to test the model’s accuracy. Our trained model ensured that all the objects are detected that are present in the image to depict the effect of precision.</span>

In present era, Flat slab buildings are commonly used for the construction. The use of flat slab building provides many advantages in terms of architectural flexibility, use of space, easier formwork and shorter construction time. The structural efficiency of the flat-slab construction is hindered by its poor performance under earthquake loading. The performance of flat slab and the vulnerability of purely flat slab models under different load conditions and under different grades of concrete were studied and for the analysis, seismic zone III is considered. The analysis is done with using E-Tabs software. It is necessary to analyze seismic behavior of building for different grades of concrete to see what changes are going to occur if the grade flat slab building changes. Therefore, the characteristics of the seismic behavior of flat slab suggest that additional measures for guiding the conception and design of these structures in seismic regions are needed and to improve the performance of building having flat slabs under seismic loading. The object of the present work is to compare the behaviour of multi-storey commercial buildings having different types of flat slabs with different grade of concrete and under seismic forces. Present work provides a good source of information on the parameters lateral displacement, storey drift, storey shear, column moments and axial forces, time period.

The structural system for bridge decks adopted nowadays has been the Box Girder Bridges. However, the box girders suffer from shear lag effect which causes a non-uniform axial stress along its cross-sectional direction which is not true as per the assumption of Simple Beam theory i.e. Plane sections remain plane. In this project, parametric study of three dimensional finite element analysis of a simply supported PSC box girder section for dead load and prestressing using four nodded shell elements is done to evaluate the effect of shear lag. The results obtained show, the effects of geometry of crosssection on the behavior in terms of development of longitudinal stresses in transverse direction of different box girders. The effective flange width is also calculated considering shear lag effects in the design of box girders bridges as per AASHTO LRFD Bridge design specifications (2017). It can be concluded from the present study that the Simple Beam theory is a rough assumption for analysis of box sections. The structure is modeled and analyzed in SOFiSTiK software.

Shear walls are effective structural elements used mainly in multi-story buildings to provide resistance against lateral loadings such as earthquake and wind loadings. They have high plane stiffness and strength which can be used to simultaneously resist large horizontal loads while also supporting gravity loads. Hence it is necessary to determine effective and ideal locations of shear walls. Shear wall arrangement must be absolutely accurate, if not, it may cause negative effects instead. A shear wall may contain many openings due to the functional requirements such as doors and windows, which may largely affect the overall seismic response of the structure. In this project, a study has been carried out to determine the effects of combination of shear walls positions and also the optimum structural configuration of multi-storey buildings by providing the shear wall with different openings configuration. This study is carried out on a G+30 story frame shear wall building, with the help of computer application software ETABS, using Response Spectrum method. The comparative results showed that the, time period, top displacement, base shears, story drift and stress distribution around the openings depend on the opening arrangement system.