RÉSUMÉ. Cet article porte un regard sur le grand nombre de films allosexuels produits par les pays occidentaux qui donnent une visibilité aux communautés homosexuelles, bisexuelle, transgenre, transsexuelle ou queer (LGBTQ). Cependant, elles restent marginalisées. Considérées comme des parasites qui renversent des valeurs ancestrales conventionnelles, les communautés LGBTQ servent  de boucs émissaires pour endosser la responsabilité de la propagation du VIH/SIDA et de cette crise de l'épidémie. Le film 120 Battements par Minute réalisé par Robin Campillo est un film qui traite du rôle et du bouc émissaire incarné par les groupes LGBTQ. Cet article utilise la théorie du bouc émissaire par Girard (1982)  en révélant que dans une société, il existe toujours un groupe sacrifié stigmatisé en temps de crise. Cet article utilise l'analyse du discours multimodal de Gunther Kress et Theo Van Leewuen (2004) pour analyser des extraits du film. La conclusion montre que le système de bouc émissaire utilise des stéréotypes et des préjugés en identifiant un groupe qui est proche de la crise pour ensuite le nommer en tant que victime. Puisque les premiers cas détectés de patients infectés par VIH/SIDA sont issus de communautés LGBTQ, elles sont donc considérées comme responsables de la crise. Mots-clés : analyse du discours multimodal, bouc émissaire, film allosexuel, VIH/SIDA.     ABSTRACT. This article explores how LGBTQ people in the West use film as a space for narrating themselves. LGBTQ people remain marginalized, being stigmatized as parasites who disrupt the established socio-cultural order and blamed for HIV/AIDS pandemic. Robin Campillo's film 120 Battements par Minute (120 Beats per Minute) deals specifically with how the LGBTQ community has been scapegoated. Girard argues that, when a crisis occurs, a social group must be sacrificed during a crisis occurs in order to resolve it. For its analysis, this article applies the multimodal discourse approach proposed by Gunther Kress and Theo Van Leewuen to images and still frames from the film, finding that the LGBTQ community has been scapegoated through stereotypes and prejudices. As they have been popularly identified with the HIV/AIDS crisis, members of the LGBTQ community have been blamed—and expected to take responsibility—for it. Keywords: Multimodal Discourse analysis, scapegoat, LGBT film, HIV/AIDS.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami peran platform artistik dalam kontribusinya terhadap produksi ruang terkait sejarah LGBTQ dan HIV/AIDS di Prancis menggunakan film Prancis berjudul 120 Battements par Minute (2017). Film ini menceritakan tentang perjuangan organisasi transnasional, ACT UP Paris, untuk mendorong pembuat kebijakan dan perusahaan farmasi dalam mengembangkan pengobatan dan kebijakan publik yang lebih baik untuk pasien HIV/AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap, dengan menggunakan konsep representasi ruang Henry Lefebvre. Pertama, data dikumpulkan dalam bentuk gambar tangkapan layar dan narasi terkait tangkapan layar. Data tersebut kemudian diklasifikasikan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan konsep ruang triadik Lefebvre dan interpretasinya dalam studi queer. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa tubuh memainkan peranan penting sebagai mediator dalam praktik spasial. Praktik spasial yang direpresentasikan dalam film ini erat kaitannya dengan hierarki kekuasaan dan nilai dominan dalam masyarakat. Namun, tubuh queer berusaha mengubah ruang dominan menjadi queer dengan beberapa pendekatan baik di ruang privat maupun publik.

<p class="Abstract">After the era of colonization, France began to receive immigrants from&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 1rem;">some African and Middle-East countries. They immigrated in France&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">for several reasons such as work, education, quality of life, etc. As they&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">are minority, they suffer from discrimination as experienced also Jews,&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">Black people, Gay, and other minority communities. This tension&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">attributed to the Muslim has increased after the Iraqi revolution, the&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">case of Salman Rushdie, and the 9/11 phenomenon in the United&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">States. These events show that the phenomenon of Islamophobia is&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">changing French society. The most shocking tragedy happened in&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">2015 and 2016 when terrorists slaughtered more than 200 people in&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">Paris and Nice. We assume that the media should give calm to society&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">compared to the tragedy. But in truth it also diffuses the discourse&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">speech of Islamophobia by using negative words, as jihadists,&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">attributed to Muslim. Using the framing discourse analysis of Robert&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">M. Entman, our research speaks of discourse of three French media reporting the terrorist attack in Paris&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">and Nice. We assume that the majority of French Media uses negative words to diminish the image of</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">radical Islam who will grow up in the Middle-East countries. In addition, they show that Islamism in&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">France is not the same with that of the terrorist</span></p>

The issue of immigration became prominent in French political discourse in 2005 that leads to debate about France and nationalism. During the lead-up to the 2007 French Presidential election, various concepts of a French national identity were promoted by candidates: Nicolas Sarkozy, Ségolene Royal, François Bayrou, and Jean-Marie Le Pen. Candidates gave particular attention to ethos, specifically ethos émotif. In this article, the researcher will characterize the ethos émotif presented by the four candidates mentioned above. The ethos will be then examined whether it were successfully embodied in these candidates' speeches by investigating the public reaction they received based on articles published in the French media. This research will apply a critical discourse analysis and interactional sociolinguistics approach using elements of interaction formulated by Stébe (2008) and Kerbrat-Orecchioni (1990). Data will be classified using the software LEXICO 3.