Background: Due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic and its rapid spread worldwide, an early and effective detection strategy was the nasopharyngeal reverse transcription polymerase swab tests, a procedure still performed today. A relatively safe procedure when done correctly, however, one of the rare complications reported in the literature includes a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Case Description: A 69-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with clear fluid rhinorrhea, clinically diagnosed with a CSF fistula after a SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab. Resulting computed tomography and magnetic resonance images did not report any abnormalities; however, persistence of clear fluid rhinorrhea obligated pharmacological treatment without resolution, requiring insertion of a lumbar catheter to achieve clinical resolution. Conclusion: It is essential to train staff to correctly administer nasopharyngeal swabs and thus reduce the rate of complications, as well as early recognition of symptoms and signs of CSF fistula.
Background:The presentation of moyamoya disease (MMD) as an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is relatively frequent and in the absence of aneurysms is extremely rare.Case Description:A 53-year-old male patient suddenly developed severe headache associated with dysarthria and an altered state of consciousness. At the time of admission, he was found drowsy with global aphasia, stiff neck, right hemiparesis and right Babinski's sign. A non-contrast brain computed tomography was performed and a small bleeding in the subarachnoid space over the left frontal and parietal cortex was observed. Four-vessel cerebral angiography showed bilateral stenosis of the internal carotid arteries, with multiple tortuous vessels branching from the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. These abnormal vessels were anastomosing with branches from the posterior cerebral and middle meningeal arteries. With this information, a diagnosis of MMD was made. A three-dimensional reconstruction from digital angiography ruled out aneurysms or vascular malformations. After 4 weeks, another angiography was performed and remained the same as previous one.Conclusion:Clinical and radiological characteristics of this case are consistent with previous reports, supporting the theory that non-aneurysmal SAH in MMD is caused by rupture of fragile moyamoya vessels.
Los hematomas subdurales (HSD) son una complicación poco frecuente tras la raquianestesia que puede provocar alteraciones graves con importantes déficits neurológicos. Existen diferentes factores que aumentan la probabilidad de desarrollarlo, como los cambios fisiológicos asociados al embarazo. El diagnóstico puede ser difícil debido a la similitud de los síntomas con la cefalea postpunción dural (CPPD). El tratamiento es médico o quirúrgico, dependiendo, entre otras cosas, de la afección. Condición neurológica, el grosor del hematoma o desviación de la línea media. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con hematoma subdural crónico tras raquianestesia para cesárea, que fue tratada médicamente con posterior reabsorción total. Conclusión: En los pacientes sometidos a raquianestesia y que presenten cefalea en las primeras 24 a 48 horas, o que vuelvan a consultar tras el alta por persistencia que no mejore con la medicación, debe indicarse la TC para descartar hemorragias intracraneales. El manejo médico y la observación cercana es una opción de tratamiento válida para los hematomas subdurales crónicos después de la anestesia espinal.
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