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The aim of the present study was to assess the population flutuation of the sharpshooters species subfamily Cicadellinae belonging to the tribes Cicadellini and Proconiini, in sweet orange [Citrus sinensis( L).

Brazil is the world's largest producer and consumer of passion fruit, with a plantation area of approximately 41,000 hectares and a production of 554,000 tons. The major states producing the fruit are Bahia, Ceará and Santa Catarina, with a production of approximately 170,000, 94,000 and 46,000 tons, respectively. Paraná is the eighth largest passion fruit producer in Brazil and is responsible for 3.6% of the national production that amounts to a revenue of 49.5 million reais (IBGE, 2017). Currently, one of the major phytosanitary issues associated with passion fruit crop production is the virus infestation that causes the hardening of the fruits. This disease is a limiting factor for the cultivation of the species in certain regions (Damatto

Among the diseases that affect passion fruit, those causing fruit woodiness is considered the most important. Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) is an important vírus that is transmitted by several aphid species during the bite, making the use of insecticides infeasible to control these vectors. In order to understand the epidemiological behavior of the disease, this study aimed to study the temporal progress and spatial pattern of CABMV in the field. Healthy seedlings of passion fruit with 2.0 meters height were implanted in the field condition at the experimental station of the IDR-Paraná, Brazil. The evaluations were performed weekly observing the symptoms of blister, mosaic, chlorosis and crinkled leaves. For the analyses, the logistic, gompertz and monomolecular models were adjusted to CABMV incidence data in passion fruit. The spatial pattern of the disease was characterized by the dispersion index and Taylor's Power Law. The logistic model was the one that best described the progress in the incidence of the disease. The incidence progress rate of CABMV was 0.037, 0.077 and 0.060 % day-1. At the beginning of the epidemic, the pattern was random. The initial dispersion mechanism was occured through aphid vectors, como Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis solanella Theobald, Toxoptera citricida Kilkaldy, Uroleucon ambrosiae Thomas and Uroleucon sonchi L. infected with CABMV that starts its test bite randomly. The pattern of disease dispersion began to be added when the incidence of plants reached 10 and 7%, in the 2015/16 and 2017/18 harvests, respectively. The random spatial pattern suggested that infected aphids enter several points of the orchard and infected plants become a source for secondary infections, characterizing aggregate pattern. Thus, the eradication of alternative hosts abroad can be adopted as management strategies of CABMV

RESUMO.A citricultura é afetada por inúmeras doenças, como a clorose variegada do citros (CVC), causada pela bactéria Xylella fastidiosa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a distribuição espacial da doença dentro de pomares comerciais do Noroeste do Paraná com o uso de métodos moleculares. Foram selecionados pomares sintomáticos para CVC com as variedades 'Pêra', 'Valência' e 'Folha Murcha' (Citrus sinensis Osbeck). Foram marcadas para cada variedade, 4 plantas-referência positivas para CVC (por sintomas e análise molecular) e 8 plantas ao redor de cada uma das plantas-referência foram amostradas, num total de 36 plantas por variedade. Realizou-se o teste da Reação da Polimerase em Cadeia (PCR) para detecção da bactéria e na mesma época foram conduzidas avaliações visuais de sintomas de CVC. Os resultados da análise temporal, utilizando-se os modelos Monomolecular, Logístico e Gompertz, apontaram o modelo Logístico como o que melhor se ajustou para descrever o comportamento da doença no tempo, para todas as variedades estudadas. Observou-se que o comportamento espacial da doença diferiu quando a mesma área foi avaliada pelos métodos visual e molecular, resultando em uma diferença no padrão espacial das áreas avaliadas. Portanto, ambos os métodos empregados, sintomas e PCR, foram capazes de constatar as mudanças no padrão espacial apresentado, sendo que a análise molecular (PCR) foi mais sensível para detectar as mudanças ocorridas.Palavras-chave: diagnóstico molecular, epidemiologia, Xylella fastidiosa. ABSTRACT. Spatio-temporal analysis of the citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) in theNorthwest of Paraná, using PCR for detection of Xylella fastidiosa. Countless diseases affect the citriculture, as the citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) which is caused by the bacteria Xylella fastidiosa. The aim of this work was to determine the space distribution of the disease inside commercial orchards in the Northwest of Paraná, using molecular methods. Symptomatic orchards were selected for CVC with the varieties 'Pêra', 'Valência' and 'Folha Murcha' (Citrus sinensis Osbeck). For each variety, 4 positive reference-plant for CVC (presence of CVC symptoms or molecular analysis by PCR) and 8 plants around of each one reference-plant were evaluated, totaling 36 plants for variety. The detection of the bacteria was conduced by Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Simultaneously, evaluations through visual symptoms of CVC were conducted. The results of the temporal analysis were obtained using the Monomolecular, Logistic and Gompertz models. The Logistic model was the one that best fit to describe the behavior of the disease in the time, for all the studied varieties. Data showed that the space behavior of the disease differed when the same area was evaluated by visual and molecular methods, resulting in a difference in the space pattern of the evaluated areas. Therefore, the two used methods, symptoms and PCR, were capable of verifying these changes in the presented space pattern, but the molecular analysis (PCR) was b...