ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon fisiologis dan penyusutan bobot badan domba lokal jantan terhadap transportasi dengan posisi yang berbeda pada kendaraan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor domba lokal jantan yang berumur 8-10 bulan dengan rataan bobot badan 16,11 ± 2,27 kg. Penelitian ini menggunkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dua  faktor dengan 5 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah: posisi domba di kendaraan terdiri dari: posisi berdiri dan berbaring. Faktor kedua adalah waktu pengambilan sampel yaitu: sebelum dan setelah transportasi. Semua domba perlakuan diangkut dalam satu mobil Pick up  selama 8 jam perjalanan dengan tingkat kepadatan yang sama yaitu 0,27 m2/ekor. Data bobot badan, suhu rektal, laju respirasi, denyut nadi, hormon kortisol, glukosa, kreatinin, hemoglobin dan hematokrit dikumpulkan sebelum dan setelah transportasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata (P0,05) antara posisi domba dikendaraan dengan waktu pengambilan sampel pada semua parameter (kecuali denyut nadi). Penempatan domba dengan posisi berdiri dan berbaring selama 8 jam transportasi memperlihatkan respon yang sama terhadap penyusutan bobot badan, suhu rektal, laju pernapasan, hormon kortisol, konsentrasi glukosa, kreatinin, hemoglobin dan hematokrit. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penempatan dengan posisi berdiri dan berbaring di kendaraan selama 8 jam transportasi memperlihatkan respon fisiologis dan penyusutan bobot badan yang sama pada domba lokal jantan.  (Physiological responses and body weight loss of male local sheep during transportation with different position on the vehicle) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate  the physiological responses and body weight loss of  males local sheep to transportation with different positions on the vehicle. Ten males sheep with 16.11±2.27 kg of body weight and 8-10 months in aged were used in this study. Completely Randomized Design with two factors was used in this study. The first factor was  positions on the vehicle (standing and lying down) and the second factors was sampling times (before and after transportation).  All of sheep were transported in one Pick up (Mitsubishi L 300) for 8 hours with similar of density level of 0,27 m2/head. Data on body weight, rectal temperature, respiration rate, pulse, cortisol, glucose, creatinine, hemoglobin and hematocrit were collected before and after transportation. Results showed  there was no significant interaction (P 0.05) between the position of the sheep in the vehicle with the time of sampling in all parameters (except pulse rate). Placing of sheep with standing and lying down position for 8 hours of transportation showed the same responses  for body weight loss, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, cortisol level, glucose concentration, creatinine, hemoglobin and hematocrit. Based on those findings, it can be concluded that  standing and lying position in the vehicle for 8 hours of transportation shows the similar effect on the physiological responses and body weight loss of  local male sheeps.

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of complete rations containing soybean pod and soybean by-products (soybean meal and tofu waste) on rumen microbial population, fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen retention of Madura cattle. Twelve Madura cattle of 1.5 years of age were given 4 feeding treatments in triplicates in randomized block design experiment. The treatments included T0 (100% native grass) as a negative control, T1 (concentrate: grass (60:40) as a positive control, T2 (complete ration containing 15% soybean pods), and T3 (complete ration containing 30% soybean pods). The treatments were based on feeding practices commonly applied by farmers in the village. The results showed that the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-product did not affect protozoa population, ammonia concentration, and total VFA production compared to cattle fed 100% native grass. In contrast, the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-products reduced acetate and increased butyrate proportion compared to native grass. The use of a concentrate ration resulted the highest propionate proportion. Methane estimation increased with the use of concentrate ration or complete ration containing 15% soybean pod, but it decreased when the level of soybean pod was increased to 30%. It can be concluded that soybean pod has a potential to be used as a fiber source in beef cattle ration to substitute native grass.Keywords: rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen retention, madura cattle, soybean pod ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai dan hasil ikutan kedelai (bungkil kedelai dan ampas tahu) pada populasi mikrob rumen, karakteristik fermentasi, kecernaan nutrien, dan retensi nitrogen. Penelitian menggunakan 12 ekor sapi Madura umur 1,5 tahun. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan pakan dan setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 3 kelompok sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah T0 (100% rumput lapang)/kontrol negatif, T1 (konsentrat:hijauan= 60:40)/ kontrol positif, T2 (ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai 15%), dan T3 (ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai 30%). Perlakuan yang digunakan berbasis pada pakan yang biasa digunakan oleh rakyat peternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ransum komplit yang mengandung ikutan kedelai serta kulit polong kedelai 15% dan 30% tidak mempengaruhi populasi protozoa, konsentrasi amonia, dan produksi VFA total dibandingkan dengan ransum yang 100% rumput lapang. Sebaliknya, penggunaan ransum konsentrat atau ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai dan hasil ikutan kedelai mampu menurunkan proporsi asetat dan meningkatkan proporsi butirat dibandingkan dengan ternak yang mendapat rumput lapang saja. Penggunaan ransum konsentrat menghasilkan proporsi propionat yang paling tinggi. Estimasi metan meningkat dengan penggunaan ransum kon...

Continuous activity in nickel mining has resulted in steadily growing numbers of contaminants which influence the environment. Cattle rising nickel mining in East Halmahera are exposed to high contamination. This study was conducted to assess the presence of heavy metal contamination on soil, water, grass and animal products such as liver and meet. The method used were survey and case study. The parameters measured were the heavy metal content (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Arsenic (As) and Mercury (Hg) in soil, water, grass and sample of cattle liver and meat. The samples were analyzed using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. Thedata obtained were analyzed descriptively and t-test was used to asses the difference results of all parameters measured from two locations. The results showed that Pb in water and outside mining location were 0.1367 and 0.0770 ppm, respectively. Hg concentration in soil, water, grass, liver and meet callte raised around mining location were 17.8725, 0.0447, 6.6925, 7.4910 and 4.7210 ppb, respectively. The water around mining was contaminated with Pb. The contaminanion of Hg on soil, water and grass around mining areas, and also the liver and meat samples of cattle were exceeded the maximum standard that could be tolerated.

Sapi pasundan merupakan ternak lokal Jawa Barat yang memiliki wilayah penyebaran di 11 kabupaten di Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian terhadap karakteristik ukuran tubuh dan penciri ukuran dan bentuk sapi pasundan di seluruh wilayah subpopulasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2015 sampai dengan Januari 2016. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara survey, lokasi ditentukan secara purposive samplingyang termasuk wilayah sumber bibit dengan populasi terbanyak sedangkan sampling ternak secara random (acak).Sampel ternak diambil di 11 kabupaten yaitu kabupaten Sumedang,

This field study was aimed to evaluate the availability and the utility of forage on Bali cattle in Amarasi system in dry land area such as Kupang. Amarasi system is a fattening production system (paronisasi), which traditionally utilizes Leucaena leucocephala forage in dry season of Amarasi region. This field study was conducted during the period of July to December 2013 in Oesena and Merbaun Villages. The method used in this research was field survey. This type of survey was used to identify the forage availability and utility for Bali cattle; including determining the level of feed intake, measuring carrying capacity of both observe villages, and recording body weight of cattle. Cluster random sampling was applied in this study to determine sample used in the research, those were two villages with different altitudes, namely Oesena Village and Merbaun Village. Data were analyzed descriptively to describe the related existing conditions in the field. T-test was conducted to determine leucaena consumption and Bali cattle body weight in both villages. The results showed that during observation period, availability of leucaena forage for cattle was low based on dry matter intake 3.60 and 3.58 kg/head/day, which led to low consumption of cattle. Nevertheless, the use of leucaena in this system increased average body weight gain of Bali cattle up to 0.77 kg/day, due to high crude protein consumption. The conclusion of this study was the availability of leucaena as Bali cattle feed did not meet the cattle needs, but the use of leucaena increased the average of Bali cattle body weight gain.Key words: amarasi system, Bali cattle, Leucaena leucocephala, paronisasi ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi ketersediaan dan penggunaan hijauan pakan sapi Bali pada sistem Amarasi di lahan kering. Sistem amarasi adalah sebuah sistem penggemukan (paronisasi) ternak sapi Bali yang khas berbasis pakan hijauan lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) pada musim kemarau di wilayah Amarasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Desember 2013 di Desa Oesena dan Desa Merbaun Kabupaten Kupang Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei lapang untuk mengidentifikasi hijauan pakan ternak yang terdapat di kandang, mengukur tingkat konsumsi pakan ternak, besarnya kapasitas tampung pada kedua desa dan pertambahan bobot badan ternak sapi Bali. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan cluster random sampling. Dua desa dengan ketinggian berbeda dipilih, yaitu Desa Oesena dan Desa Merbaun. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menggambarkan kondisi di lapangan. Uji t dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai bobot badan konsumsi lamtoro pada kedua desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai konsumsi lamtoro, yaitu 3.60 dan 3.58 kg/ekor/hari serta kapasitas tampung di dua desa yang rendah, namun pertambahan bobot badan sapi Bali meningkat hingga 0.77 kg/ekor hari yang disebabkan oleh tingginya konsumsi protein kasar. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ketersediaan lamtoro sebagai pakan sapi Ba...