Artigo de revisão Resumo O câncer de próstata (CaP) é uma doença altamente prevalente no mundo inteiro. O seu rastreamento é preconizado através do toque retal e dosagem do PSA em homens a partir dos 50 anos ou a partir dos 45 anos de idade, caso haja a presença de fatores de risco. O conteúdo do texto foi retirado de fontes com as maiores evidências científicas atuais. Novos avanços foram feitos principalmente no manuseio da doença avançada. Ponto polêmico ainda permanece a discussão sobre a indicação da vigilância ativa. Discutiremos os fatores de risco e epidemiológicos, etiologia, diagnóstico e opções de tratamento para a doença precoce e avançada, gerando informações atualizadas. Importante para o médico clínico é saber quando encaminhar um paciente para o especialista. Já para os urologistas, cabe o desafio de integrar os avanços científicos à realidade dos pacientes para lhes oferecer o melhor acompanhamento possível.
Retroperitoneoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that offers some potential advantages in approaching retroperitoneal masses. This new classification is useful to group patients and thus provide guidance on the best retroperitoneoscopic surgical strategy.
Objective: The 2nd to 4th digit length (2D:4D) is inversely related to androgen exposure during the fetal period, which may represent a risk factor for several steroid-related diseases. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and the risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa). Subjects and Methods: We assessed the 2D:4D ratio of 474 men >40 years old, stratified into three groups: group 1 (n = 222) patients with PCa, group 2 (n = 82) subjects with high risk of PCa, and group 3 (n = 170) men with low risk of PCa. Subjects were submitted to a digital picture of the ventral surface of the right hand and 2nd and 4th fingers measurements were determined by the distance from the proximal crease to the tip using computer-assisted analysis. Results: The mean serum prostate-specific antigen level was 7.5 ng/ml in the high-risk group and 0.92 ng/ml in the low-risk group (p < 0.05). The mean 2D:4D ratios were 0.96 ± 0.04, 0.97 ± 0.04 and 0.96 ± 0.04 for the PCa, high-risk and low-risk groups, respectively, and no difference was found among the three groups (p = 0.12). Conclusion: Anthropometry of the hand using the 2D:4D ratio is not a predictor of PCa.
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