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In order to realize the green computing of the edge-cloud fiber-wireless networks, the cooperation between the edge servers and the cloud servers is particularly important to reduce the network energy consumption. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy-efficient workload allocation (EEWA) scheme to improve the energy efficiency by using the architecture of edge-cloud fiber-wireless networks. The feasibility of the proposed EEWA scheme was verified on our SDN testbed. We also do the simulation to obtain the optimal results for a given set of task requests. Simulation results show that our proposed EEWA scheme greatly reduces the blocking probability and the average energy consumption of task requests in edge-cloud fiber-wireless networks.

PurposeEmerging evidence regarding crowdfunding challenges long-standing “gender gap” views of traditional entrepreneurial financing and indicates that female entrepreneurs may have an advantage in crowdfunding. Yet, the literature primarily focuses on influences at the individual level, largely overlooking the interaction between gender and higher-level culture. Drawing on Hofstede's cultural dimensions, this paper aims to investigate the associations among entrepreneurs' gender, culture and crowdfunding performance, particularly in how entrepreneurs' gender and culture interact to affect crowdfunding performance.Design/methodology/approachLeveraging a sample of 21,730 Kickstarter crowdfunding campaigns and combining these data with data from Hofstede's study, the World Bank (WB) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), this study applies multilevel models to empirically investigate this question across 22 countries/regions.FindingsThis study confirms that the advantageous effect, that female entrepreneurs are likely to obtain better fundraising performance over their male counterparts, does exist in crowdfunding. Furthermore, the findings reveal that this advantageous effect of female entrepreneurs on crowdfunding performance would be reinforced when cultures of individualism and indulgence are high and culture of long-term orientation is low.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on gender gaps in crowdfunding and entrepreneurial financing by adding an important culture-related boundary condition to the gender preference reported in earlier crowdfunding work. Moreover, the paper extends the knowledge about the impact of culture on crowdfunding performance and enlightens future research on leveraging multilevel modeling approach to examine the complex interplay between individuals and situations in crowdfunding.

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