The research objective was to study the agronomic and physiological characteristics of red chilli (Capsicum annuumL.) varieties under waterlogging stress. These studies were conducted at two locations: in Palembang, South Sumatra, from February to August 2010 and in Bogor in West Java, from September to November 2010. Experiments in Palembang was using split plot design with three replications. The main plot was waterlogging treatment for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days. The subplot was red chilli varieties: Kiyo F1, Riawan, Ferosa, Bravo F1 and Laris. Experiments in Bogor was conducted without the use of experimental design; the same plant varieties were waterlogged for 2 and 4 days. The results showed that waterlogging caused root damages on all varieties. Kiyo F1 had better agronomic characters and high levels of tolerance than other varieties. The content of ethylene in all varieties increased with increasing time of waterlogging, except for Laris. In all varieties both leaf chlorophyll and tissue N content tend to decline with the increase in waterlogging duration. However Bravo F1 experienced an increase in the chlorophyll content whereas Kiyo F1 had an increase in N in the plant tissue. Keywords: agronomic character, physiological character, red chili, waterlogging

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of main crops harvest cutting height on the yield of rice ratoon in the tidal swamp by using direct seeding system. The experiment was conducted in Telang Sari village, District of Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin, South Sumatra Province from November 2013 to April 2014. It measured plots 4 x 5 m through a randomized block design with 5 replications. The treatment was main crops harvest cutting height of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm above the soil surface. The results showed that the effect of cutting height on rice ratoon yield depends on the condition of photosynthetic and the amount of remaining nodes on the main crops stubble as an emergence ratoon shoots. The main crops cutting height of 20-40 cm above the soil surface increased the number of productive tillers, grain weight per hill, yield per plot, ratoon ability to grow per plot, and the rice ratoon/main crops yield ratio in tidal land by using direct seeding system.

Kegiatan peternakan setidaknya menyumbangkan 24,1% dari dari total emisi yang berasal dari sektor pertanian. Emisi yang berasal dari peternakan bersumber dari aktivitas pencernaan dan pengelolaan kotoran berupa gas CH4 (metana) yang dampaknya 21 kali lebih berbahaya dibandingkan dengan CO2. Pemilihan jenis pakan akan sangat mempengaruhi sumbangan gas rumah kaca dari kegiatan peternakan. Pakan ternak ruminansia dapat berupa hijauan (rumput-rumputan) ataupun konsentrat/ ransum. Salah satu caramenurunkan produksi CH4 dalam kegiatan peternakan dengan meningkatkan daya cerna pakan yaitu menambah jumlah konsentrat dalam pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan komposisi pakan perbandingan rumput dan konsentrat untuk ternak sapi yang dapat mereduksi gas metana (CH4) dan menganalisis besaran konversi feses ternak sapi menjadi biogas dan metana pada paka tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, perlakuan pakan yang di berikan yaitu A (100 % pakan hijuan), B (80% rumput + 20% Ransum), C (60% rumput + 40% Ransum), D (40% rumput+60% ransum), dan E (20% rumput +80% hijuan). Peubah yang diamati adalah konsentrasi metana dari pernafasan, volume biogas, konsentrasi metana dari biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pakan ternak sapi dengan komposisi 80% konsentrat dan 20% hijauan (perlakuan E), akan dihasilkan gas metana dari pencernaan paling rendah, dengan pakan tersebut feses ternak akan dihasilkan volume biogas yang paling banyak. Biogas paling sedikit terdapat pada pelakuan 40% konsentrat+60% hijaun (perlakuan D). Feses ternak dengan pakan hijauan (Perlakuan A) saja akan menghasilkan gas metan paling banyak.Kata kunci : Komposisi pakan, konsentrat, metana (CH4), reduksi

PENDAHULUANSistem ratun sangat potensial dikembangkan di lahan pasang surut yang memiliki kendala antara lain harga sarana produksi yang terus meningkat, semakin berkurangnya jumlah tenaga kerja dan waktu tanam yang sangat tergantung pada kondisi musim. Dengan sistem ratun selain memberikan tambahan produksi padi per musim tanam, juga hemat biaya dan tenaga kerja serta mengurangi waktu persiapan lahan (Nakano dan Morita, 2007;Susilawati et al., 2010). Pada daerah pasang surut dengan tenaga kerja terbatas dan mahal serta waktu tanam yang terbatas, sistem tanam benih langsung (tabela) dapat menjadi alternatif bagi petani yang bertujuan mengurangi biaya, penggunaan tenaga kerja dan mengejar masa tanam yang serentak dengan biaya relatif murah (Pane, 2003

Abstract. Muhakka, Suwignyo RA, Budianta D, Yakup. 2019. Vegetation analysis of non-tidal swampland in South Sumatra, Indonesia and its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture. Biodiversitas 20: 1077-1086. In Indonesia, non-tidal swampland area is 13.27 million ha, only 4 million ha has been developed with details of 2.6 million ha that managed by the public and the private sector and 1.3 million ha with government assistance. This study aims to analyze vegetation structure of non-tidal swampland in Pulau Layang Village, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra, Indonesia and Rambutan Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia and to examine its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture. Methods used were by the combination of direct observation, survey using plot sampling with total 50 observation plots, and measurements to determine forage production using Halls method. The results show that there 19 forage species were in two studied areas which are potential as Pampangan buffalo feed. Species with the highest Important Value Index were Purun tikus (Eleocharis .dulcis) with 89.71% and Kumpai padi (Oryza. rufipogon) with 54.08%. The production of fresh forage and dry matter in the wet season in Pulau Layang was 6.90 tons ha-1 year-1 and 1.27 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively, whereas in Rambutan they were 3.68 tons ha-1 year-1 and 0.91 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively. The production of fresh forage and dry matter in the dry season in Pulau Layang was 4.86 tons ha-1 year-1 and 0.99 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively, while in Rambutan they were 2.52 tons ha-1 year-1 and 0,71 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively. The pasture carrying capacity in Pulau Layang in the wet season was 3.66 AU (Animal Unit) ha-1 year-1 and in the dry season, it was 2.85 AU ha-1 year-1, while in Rambutan Village it was 2.61 AU ha-1 year-1 and 2.04 AU ha-1 year-1, respectively. There were six species of forage with high production, namely Kumpai tembaga (Hymenachne acutigluma) Kumpai padi (Oryza rupifogon), Kumpai minyak (Hymenachne amplexicaulis), Are bolong (Polygonum barbatum L), Bento rayap (Leersia hexandra) and Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis). It is estimated that there still can be added buffalo cattle as much as 0.31 AU ha-1 year-1 in Pulau Layang Village so 155 buffaloes and 0.59 AU ha-1 year-1 in Rambutan Village.709 buffaloes