This historical paper explores the role of one of the indigenous educational movement of the British Indian North West Frontier Province, now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. The movement 'Anjuman-i-islahul Afaghina' established in 1921 by Abdul Ghaffar Khan also known as Bacha Khan (1890- 1988) and his companions to educate the unprivileged Pakhtuns in the early decades of the 20th century. The Anjuman established 104 Azad schools in the settled as well as tribal territory to educate the nation in formal way, besides education and training was imparted through non formal mode, as well. The strength of the Anjuman was its organizational excellence in the shape of its components like propagation, fund raising, management committees, faculty of intellectuals, co-curricular activities, annual jamborees, conflict resolution committees, literary activities and social reformation. No doubt, the movement contributed to educate the unprivileged Pakhtun nation in ensuring the quantity as well quality of education.
This article aims to determine the life cycle of tourist destinations in three lakes: Beratan, Buyan, and Tamblingan or referred to as Tri ning Danu, based on tourism capital. This study was conducted considering the research about the lake-based tourism is still very limited, especially in Indonesia. The analysis was carried out using the model of the Tourist Area Life Cycle (TALC) introduced by Butler and the conception of tourism capital inspired by Bourdieu. The integration of both produces a profile of the position or stage of Tri ning Danu tourist destination development more adequately. This approach is relatively new as a breakthrough effort to get rid of conventional reports on the destination developments that generally rely solely on TALC. It is expected that with the added of tourism capital variable will get a more comprehensive view of destination development stage. The results of the stage of Tri ning Danu tourist destination development based on the tourism capital, as follows: Consolidation Stage for Beratan Lake, Involvement Stage for Buyan Lake, and Exploration Stage for Tamblingan Lake.
Writing is an essential part of second language learning, and students face many problems while learning about writing. The objective of this study is to figure out the problems faced by the students while writing. This mixed-method study investigates the effect of the process-oriented approach in developing writing skills among eighty undergraduate students of the first semester at various universities across Pakistan. The data was collected online, and the researchers conducted per-and post-test to check the language, vocabulary, coherence, and cohesion in students' writings. The participants wrote an essay containing 350-500 words taken as the sample to discuss the findings. The per-test revealed that students faced too many writing difficulties, and the post-test showed improvement in writing. The results showed that students have positive attitudes towards using the process-oriented approach in improving their writing skills.
Gender advertisement is the depiction of stereotypical gender roles presented in billboard advertisements. Advertisers frequently employ gendered presentations to emphasize women's sexual orientation in the advertisements. The present qualitative descriptive research tried to examine the multi-layered significance of billboards advertisements by extension, investigation and explication of intentions, motives and societal practices displayed in billboard advertisements. For this reason, the text of two (2) billboard advertisements were systematically examined employing Fair clough’s Three-Dimensional Framework. These three aspects are description,interpretation, and explanation. The acquired findings demonstrated that both these billboards have underneath connotations regarding gender roles, feminine depiction, and patriarchal notions as significant aspects.
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