Writing is an essential part of second language learning, and students face many problems while learning about writing. The objective of this study is to figure out the problems faced by the students while writing. This mixed-method study investigates the effect of the process-oriented approach in developing writing skills among eighty undergraduate students of the first semester at various universities across Pakistan. The data was collected online, and the researchers conducted per-and post-test to check the language, vocabulary, coherence, and cohesion in students' writings. The participants wrote an essay containing 350-500 words taken as the sample to discuss the findings. The per-test revealed that students faced too many writing difficulties, and the post-test showed improvement in writing. The results showed that students have positive attitudes towards using the process-oriented approach in improving their writing skills.

The study analyzes the contents concerning character education in the Punjab Textbook Islamic Studies for the 5th class, 2020-2021. A curriculum is an attempt to communicate the most important ideas and elements of an educational proposal in a way that allows for critical examination and effective translation. To integrate character education into the curriculum, effective character education implementation is needed to enable professional development and peer interaction. The content of Islamic studies, therefore, requires investigating for specific context to instruct character values to students which can play a positive role in the country’s peaceful environment. The system of education only gives information whereas the guiding role is completely ignored. The importance of character education is now realized by thinkers, teachers, intellectuals, policymakers, and society. It is evident from the analysis that the book has multiple strategies for affecting the character development of the students. The curriculum is very rich. However, efforts should be made to make it easier for students to unfold the hidden messages.