Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) using CO 2 as the oxidant is a potential advancement for methane conversion and greenhouse gases reduction. However, the reaction is usually limited by both high energy consumption and strict reaction condition. Here, we report, for the first time, photoinduced efficient ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) and CO production by OCM over TiO 2 -supported Ag nanoparticles at mild conditions. The success relies on a synergy coupling visible-light-induced strong surface plasma resonance (SPR) effect localized on Ag(0), ultraviolet-light-induced photoelectric effect on TiO 2 , and the separated adsorption of CO 2 and CH 4 on TiO 2 and Ag. The yields of CO and C 2 H 4 reach 1149 and 686 μmol•g −1 •h −1 , respectively, under simulated solar irradiation. The origination of carbon-based gas products from CO 2 and CH 4 is also certified by a 13 C isotope-labeled experiment. This work presents a new and ideal route of photocatalytic OCM reaction for C 2 H 4 and CO production by coupling both SPR and photoelectric effects.

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Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity. At present, only limited options are available for the treatments of preeclampsia. Consequently, many patients need to terminate their pregnancy to relieve the disease. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) is a decoy receptor of placental growth factor (PIGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which can promote angiogenesis. Throughout pregnancy, the expression level of sFlt-1 continues to increase in both the mother with PE and her offspring. Material and methods: In this experiment, we generated a zebrafish line expressing high levels of sFlt-1 and investigated changes in behavior and development of the nervous system. Results: At 96 hours post-fertilization (hpf), the brain volume area of zebrafish in the experimental group (zFLT1+CasRx) was significantly smaller after injection than in the WT group (P<0.05) and the negative control group (CasRx) (P<0.05). At 96 hpf, compared with the WT group, the cerebral blood vessels in the CasRx control group and experimental group (zFLT1-sgRNA+CasRx) were significantly lower after injection (P<0.05). Compared with the CasRx control group, the track movement distance, and the mean track speed of zebrafish in the experimental group (zFLT1-sgRNA+CasRx) after the 6th injection were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions: the increased expression levels of sFlt-1 in zebrafish inhibited the development of the cerebral blood vessels, influenced brain volumes, and inhibited behavioral activities. Our data suggest that the elevation of sFlt-1 in the pathological state of PE can inhibit the development of the nervous system in offspring.

D-mannose can be transported into a variety of cells via glucose transporter (GLUT), and supraphysiological levels of D-mannose impairs tumor growth and modulates immune cell function through mechanisms such as interference with glycolysis and induction of oxidative stress. Blood-stage Plasmodium mainly depends on glycolysis for energy supply and pathological immune response plays a vital role in cerebral malaria. However, it is not clear whether mannose affects malaria blood-stage infection. Here, we fed D-mannose to Plasmodium berghei-infected mice and found weight loss and reduced parasitemia without apparent side effects. Compromised parasitemia in C57BL/6 mice was accompanied by an increase in splenic macrophages compared to an untreated group. When mannose was applied to a rodent experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) model, the incidence of ECM decreased. Expression of activation marker CD69 on T cells in peripheral blood and the brain were reduced, and cerebral migration of activated T cells was prevented by decreased expression of CXCR3. These findings suggest that mannose inhibits Plasmodium infection by regulating multiple host immune responses and could serve as a potential strategy for facilitating malaria treatment.